Clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of manipulation under brachial plexus block versus physiotherapy for refractory frozen shoulder: a prospective observational study

Background: Frozen shoulder (FS) is a pathological condition that involves a painful and stiff shoulder joint, most commonly in people aged 40-60 years. Most literature supports treatment with physical therapy (PT), although some studies have demonstrated years of continuing pain and functional defi...

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Main Authors: Tomohiro Saito, MD, PhD, Junichiro Hamada, MD, PhD, Hideyuki Sasanuma, MD, PhD, Yuki Iijima, MD, PhD, Akihiro Saitsu, MD, Hiroshi Minagawa, MD, PhD, Wataru Kurashina, RPT, Katsushi Takeshita, MD, PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2023-11-01
Series:JSES International
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666638323001925