| Summary: | Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides have been reported to prevent diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This current study aimed to reveal the possible underlying anti-diabetic mechanisms of CPP based on transcriptome profiling. Our experimental results demonstrated CPP could protect pancreas islets through decreasing oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and alleviate dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis and liver injury. Pancreatic transcriptome profiling suggested CPP could down-regulate genes related to mitochondrion and fatty acid metabolism process, which decreased the production of reactive oxygen species and alleviated oxidative stress damage. Besides, liver transcriptome analysis indicated CPP down-regulated biological processes related to lipid metabolic, oxidation-reduction and apoptosis, and up-regulated protein synthesis, which contributed to preventing liver injuries. Additionally, the miR-199a-5p/miR-31a-5p and TF Jun may form regulatory modules to contribute to alleviating liver injuries. Taken together, our findings revealed the anti-diabetic effects of CPP and revealed potential molecular mechanisms at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
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