Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification
An overview and new data are presented from cancer studies of the most exposed groups of the population after the Chornobyl accident, performed at the National Research Center for Radiation Medicine (NRCRM). Incidence rates of solid cancers were analyzed for the 1990−2016 period in cleanup...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/9/1291 |
| _version_ | 1797762878129831936 |
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| author | Dimitry Bazyka Natalya Gudzenko Iryna Dyagil Iryna Ilienko David Belyi Vadim Chumak Anatoly Prysyazhnyuk Elena Bakhanova |
| author_facet | Dimitry Bazyka Natalya Gudzenko Iryna Dyagil Iryna Ilienko David Belyi Vadim Chumak Anatoly Prysyazhnyuk Elena Bakhanova |
| author_sort | Dimitry Bazyka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An overview and new data are presented from cancer studies of the most exposed groups of the population after the Chornobyl accident, performed at the National Research Center for Radiation Medicine (NRCRM). Incidence rates of solid cancers were analyzed for the 1990−2016 period in cleanup workers, evacuees, and the general population from the contaminated areas. In male cleanup workers, the significant increase in rates was demonstrated for cancers in total, leukemia, lymphoma, and thyroid cancer, as well as breast cancer rates were increased in females. Significantly elevated thyroid cancer incidence was identified in the male cleanup workers cohort (150,813) in 1986−2012 with an overall standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 3.35 (95% CI: 2.91−3.80). A slight decrease in incidence rates was registered starting at 25 years after exposure. In total, 32 of 57 deaths in a group of cleanup workers with confirmed acute radiation syndrome (ARS) or not confirmed ARS (ARS NC) were due to blood malignancies or cancer. Molecular studies in cohort members included gene expression and polymorphism, FISH, relative telomere length, immunophenotype, micronuclei test, histone H2AX, and TORCH infections. Analysis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cases from the cohort showed more frequent mutations in telomere maintenance pathway genes as compared with unexposed CLL patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:33:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-880dce8e476e438d91b59143c58d5d6b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:33:36Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-880dce8e476e438d91b59143c58d5d6b2023-08-02T04:18:56ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942019-09-01119129110.3390/cancers11091291cancers11091291Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular QuantificationDimitry Bazyka0Natalya Gudzenko1Iryna Dyagil2Iryna Ilienko3David Belyi4Vadim Chumak5Anatoly Prysyazhnyuk6Elena Bakhanova7National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov str, Kyiv 04050, UkraineNational Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov str, Kyiv 04050, UkraineNational Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov str, Kyiv 04050, UkraineNational Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov str, Kyiv 04050, UkraineNational Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov str, Kyiv 04050, UkraineNational Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov str, Kyiv 04050, UkraineNational Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov str, Kyiv 04050, UkraineNational Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 53 Melnikov str, Kyiv 04050, UkraineAn overview and new data are presented from cancer studies of the most exposed groups of the population after the Chornobyl accident, performed at the National Research Center for Radiation Medicine (NRCRM). Incidence rates of solid cancers were analyzed for the 1990−2016 period in cleanup workers, evacuees, and the general population from the contaminated areas. In male cleanup workers, the significant increase in rates was demonstrated for cancers in total, leukemia, lymphoma, and thyroid cancer, as well as breast cancer rates were increased in females. Significantly elevated thyroid cancer incidence was identified in the male cleanup workers cohort (150,813) in 1986−2012 with an overall standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 3.35 (95% CI: 2.91−3.80). A slight decrease in incidence rates was registered starting at 25 years after exposure. In total, 32 of 57 deaths in a group of cleanup workers with confirmed acute radiation syndrome (ARS) or not confirmed ARS (ARS NC) were due to blood malignancies or cancer. Molecular studies in cohort members included gene expression and polymorphism, FISH, relative telomere length, immunophenotype, micronuclei test, histone H2AX, and TORCH infections. Analysis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cases from the cohort showed more frequent mutations in telomere maintenance pathway genes as compared with unexposed CLL patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/9/1291Chornobyl (Chernobyl)cleanup workersleukemiathyroid cancerbreast cancertelomere length |
| spellingShingle | Dimitry Bazyka Natalya Gudzenko Iryna Dyagil Iryna Ilienko David Belyi Vadim Chumak Anatoly Prysyazhnyuk Elena Bakhanova Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification Cancers Chornobyl (Chernobyl) cleanup workers leukemia thyroid cancer breast cancer telomere length |
| title | Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification |
| title_full | Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification |
| title_fullStr | Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification |
| title_short | Cancers after Chornobyl: From Epidemiology to Molecular Quantification |
| title_sort | cancers after chornobyl from epidemiology to molecular quantification |
| topic | Chornobyl (Chernobyl) cleanup workers leukemia thyroid cancer breast cancer telomere length |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/9/1291 |
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