The effect of “universal test and treat” program on HIV treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adults taking antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low income settings of Gurage zone, South Ethiopia
Abstract Background Through universal “test and treat approach” (UTT) it is believed that HIV new infection and AIDS related death will be reduced at community level and through time HIV can be eliminated. With this assumption the UTT program was implemented since 2016. However, the effect of this p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-05-01
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| Series: | AIDS Research and Therapy |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12981-020-00274-3 |
| _version_ | 1818521772649086976 |
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| author | Tadele Girum Fedila Yasin Abebaw Wasie Teha Shumbej Fitsum Bekele Bereket Zeleke |
| author_facet | Tadele Girum Fedila Yasin Abebaw Wasie Teha Shumbej Fitsum Bekele Bereket Zeleke |
| author_sort | Tadele Girum |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Through universal “test and treat approach” (UTT) it is believed that HIV new infection and AIDS related death will be reduced at community level and through time HIV can be eliminated. With this assumption the UTT program was implemented since 2016. However, the effect of this program in terms of individual patient survival and treatment outcome was not assessed in relation to the pre-existing defer treatment approach. Objective To assess the effects of UTT program on HIV treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adult HIV infected patients taking antiretroviral treatment in Gurage zone health facilities. Methods Institution based retrospective cohort study was conducted in facilities providing HIV care and treatment. Eight years (2012–2019) HIV/AIDS treatment records were included in the study. Five hundred HIV/AIDS treatment records were randomly selected and reviewed. Data were abstracted using standardized checklist by trained health professionals; then it was cleaned, edited and entered by Epi info version 7 and analyzed by STATA. Cox model was built to estimate survival differences across different study variables. Results A total of 500 patients were followed for 1632.6 person-year (PY) of observation. The overall incidence density rate (IDR) of death in the cohort was 3 per-100-PY. It was significantly higher for differed treatment program, which is 3.8 per-100-PY compared to 2.4 per-100-PY in UTT program with a p value of 0.001. The relative risk of death among differed cases was 1.58 times higher than the UTT cases. The cumulative probability of survival at the end of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th years was 98%, 90.2%, 89.2% and 88% respectively with difference between groups. The log rank test and Kaplan–Meier survival curve indicated patients enrolled in the UTT program survived longer than patients enrolled in the differed treatment program (log rank X2 test = 4.1, p value = 0.04). Age, residence, base line CD4 count, program of enrolment, development of new OIS and treatment failure were predicted mortality from HIV infection. Conclusion Mortality was significantly reduced after UTT. Therefore, intervention to further reduce deaths has to focus on early initiation of treatment and strengthening UTT programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:55:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-880fdafc26274346a3c1c32865576112 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1742-6405 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:55:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AIDS Research and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-880fdafc26274346a3c1c328655761122022-12-22T01:24:38ZengBMCAIDS Research and Therapy1742-64052020-05-011711910.1186/s12981-020-00274-3The effect of “universal test and treat” program on HIV treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adults taking antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low income settings of Gurage zone, South EthiopiaTadele Girum0Fedila Yasin1Abebaw Wasie2Teha Shumbej3Fitsum Bekele4Bereket Zeleke5Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite UniversityDepartment of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite UniversityDepartment of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite UniversityDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite UniversityAbstract Background Through universal “test and treat approach” (UTT) it is believed that HIV new infection and AIDS related death will be reduced at community level and through time HIV can be eliminated. With this assumption the UTT program was implemented since 2016. However, the effect of this program in terms of individual patient survival and treatment outcome was not assessed in relation to the pre-existing defer treatment approach. Objective To assess the effects of UTT program on HIV treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adult HIV infected patients taking antiretroviral treatment in Gurage zone health facilities. Methods Institution based retrospective cohort study was conducted in facilities providing HIV care and treatment. Eight years (2012–2019) HIV/AIDS treatment records were included in the study. Five hundred HIV/AIDS treatment records were randomly selected and reviewed. Data were abstracted using standardized checklist by trained health professionals; then it was cleaned, edited and entered by Epi info version 7 and analyzed by STATA. Cox model was built to estimate survival differences across different study variables. Results A total of 500 patients were followed for 1632.6 person-year (PY) of observation. The overall incidence density rate (IDR) of death in the cohort was 3 per-100-PY. It was significantly higher for differed treatment program, which is 3.8 per-100-PY compared to 2.4 per-100-PY in UTT program with a p value of 0.001. The relative risk of death among differed cases was 1.58 times higher than the UTT cases. The cumulative probability of survival at the end of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th years was 98%, 90.2%, 89.2% and 88% respectively with difference between groups. The log rank test and Kaplan–Meier survival curve indicated patients enrolled in the UTT program survived longer than patients enrolled in the differed treatment program (log rank X2 test = 4.1, p value = 0.04). Age, residence, base line CD4 count, program of enrolment, development of new OIS and treatment failure were predicted mortality from HIV infection. Conclusion Mortality was significantly reduced after UTT. Therefore, intervention to further reduce deaths has to focus on early initiation of treatment and strengthening UTT programs.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12981-020-00274-3Universal test and treatDiffered treatmentPatient survivalHIV treatment outcome |
| spellingShingle | Tadele Girum Fedila Yasin Abebaw Wasie Teha Shumbej Fitsum Bekele Bereket Zeleke The effect of “universal test and treat” program on HIV treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adults taking antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low income settings of Gurage zone, South Ethiopia AIDS Research and Therapy Universal test and treat Differed treatment Patient survival HIV treatment outcome |
| title | The effect of “universal test and treat” program on HIV treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adults taking antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low income settings of Gurage zone, South Ethiopia |
| title_full | The effect of “universal test and treat” program on HIV treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adults taking antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low income settings of Gurage zone, South Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | The effect of “universal test and treat” program on HIV treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adults taking antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low income settings of Gurage zone, South Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of “universal test and treat” program on HIV treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adults taking antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low income settings of Gurage zone, South Ethiopia |
| title_short | The effect of “universal test and treat” program on HIV treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adults taking antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low income settings of Gurage zone, South Ethiopia |
| title_sort | effect of universal test and treat program on hiv treatment outcomes and patient survival among a cohort of adults taking antiretroviral treatment art in low income settings of gurage zone south ethiopia |
| topic | Universal test and treat Differed treatment Patient survival HIV treatment outcome |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12981-020-00274-3 |
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