Polylactic Acid Bionanocomposites Filled with Nanocrystalline Cellulose from TEMPO-Oxidized Oil Palm Lignocellulosic Biomass
Bionanocomposites from polylactic acid (PLA) filled with unmodified nanocrystalline cellulose from TEMPO-oxidized oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB-NCC) at various loading levels were fabricated using the solvent casting technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
North Carolina State University
2016-08-01
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| Series: | BioResources |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_11_4_8615_Indarti_Polylactic_Acid_Bionanocomposites |
| Summary: | Bionanocomposites from polylactic acid (PLA) filled with unmodified nanocrystalline cellulose from TEMPO-oxidized oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB-NCC) at various loading levels were fabricated using the solvent casting technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATF-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical analyses were used to characterize the bionanocomposite films. FTIR suggested that the incorporation of the OPEFB-NCC was based on physical interaction. The melting temperature did not change markedly except at higher OPEFB-NCC additions, while the crystallization temperature shifted to lower temperatures and crystallinity increased with increasing OPEFB-NCC content.The SEM of cryo-fractured films indicated a rather weak compatibility between the OPEFB-NCC and PLA, resulting in the decrease of both the modulus and the tensile strength of the bionanocomposite. |
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| ISSN: | 1930-2126 1930-2126 |