RANS versus Scale Resolved Approach for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Continuous Casting of Steel
Numerical modeling is the approach used most often for studying and optimizing the molten steel flow in a continuous casting mold. The selection of the physical model might very much influence such studies. Hence, it is paramount to choose a proper model. In this work, the numerical results of four...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/7/1140 |
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| author | Jurij Gregorc Ajda Kunavar Božidar Šarler |
| author_facet | Jurij Gregorc Ajda Kunavar Božidar Šarler |
| author_sort | Jurij Gregorc |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Numerical modeling is the approach used most often for studying and optimizing the molten steel flow in a continuous casting mold. The selection of the physical model might very much influence such studies. Hence, it is paramount to choose a proper model. In this work, the numerical results of four turbulence models are compared to the experimental results of the water model of continuous casting of steel billets using a single SEN port in a downward vertical orientation. Experimental results were obtained with a 2D PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) system with measurements taken at various cut planes. Only hydrodynamic effects without solidification are considered. The turbulence is modeled using the RANS (Realizable k-ε, SST k-ω), hybrid RANS/Scale Resolved (SAS), and Scale Resolved approach (LES). The models are numerically solved by the finite volume method, with volume of fluid treatment at the free interface. The geometry, boundary conditions, and material properties were entirely consistent with those of the water model experimental study. Thus, the study allowed a detailed comparison and validation of the turbulence models used. The numerical predictions are compared to experimental data using contours of velocity and velocity plots. The agreement is assessed by comparing the lateral dispersion of the liquid jet in a streamwise direction for the core flow and the secondary flow behavior where recirculation zones form. The comparison of the simulations shows that while all four models capture general flow features (e.g., mean velocities in the temporal and spatial domain), only the LES model predicts finer turbulent structures and captures temporal flow fluctuations to the extent observed in the experiment, while SAS bridges the gap between RANS and LES. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:32:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88300aa277dd479587272d461ba759a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:32:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
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| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-88300aa277dd479587272d461ba759a92023-11-22T04:24:25ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012021-07-01117114010.3390/met11071140RANS versus Scale Resolved Approach for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Continuous Casting of SteelJurij Gregorc0Ajda Kunavar1Božidar Šarler2Laboratory for Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaLaboratory for Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaLaboratory for Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaNumerical modeling is the approach used most often for studying and optimizing the molten steel flow in a continuous casting mold. The selection of the physical model might very much influence such studies. Hence, it is paramount to choose a proper model. In this work, the numerical results of four turbulence models are compared to the experimental results of the water model of continuous casting of steel billets using a single SEN port in a downward vertical orientation. Experimental results were obtained with a 2D PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) system with measurements taken at various cut planes. Only hydrodynamic effects without solidification are considered. The turbulence is modeled using the RANS (Realizable k-ε, SST k-ω), hybrid RANS/Scale Resolved (SAS), and Scale Resolved approach (LES). The models are numerically solved by the finite volume method, with volume of fluid treatment at the free interface. The geometry, boundary conditions, and material properties were entirely consistent with those of the water model experimental study. Thus, the study allowed a detailed comparison and validation of the turbulence models used. The numerical predictions are compared to experimental data using contours of velocity and velocity plots. The agreement is assessed by comparing the lateral dispersion of the liquid jet in a streamwise direction for the core flow and the secondary flow behavior where recirculation zones form. The comparison of the simulations shows that while all four models capture general flow features (e.g., mean velocities in the temporal and spatial domain), only the LES model predicts finer turbulent structures and captures temporal flow fluctuations to the extent observed in the experiment, while SAS bridges the gap between RANS and LES.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/7/1140continuous casting of steelbilletwater model experimentPIV measurementsCFDturbulence modeling |
| spellingShingle | Jurij Gregorc Ajda Kunavar Božidar Šarler RANS versus Scale Resolved Approach for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Continuous Casting of Steel Metals continuous casting of steel billet water model experiment PIV measurements CFD turbulence modeling |
| title | RANS versus Scale Resolved Approach for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Continuous Casting of Steel |
| title_full | RANS versus Scale Resolved Approach for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Continuous Casting of Steel |
| title_fullStr | RANS versus Scale Resolved Approach for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Continuous Casting of Steel |
| title_full_unstemmed | RANS versus Scale Resolved Approach for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Continuous Casting of Steel |
| title_short | RANS versus Scale Resolved Approach for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Continuous Casting of Steel |
| title_sort | rans versus scale resolved approach for modeling turbulent flow in continuous casting of steel |
| topic | continuous casting of steel billet water model experiment PIV measurements CFD turbulence modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/7/1140 |
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