Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length as a Risk Factor of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Korean Male Population
Background: Testosterone action is mediated through the androgen receptor (AR), whose sensitivity is influenced by the AR CAG repeat polymorphism. However, the relation between late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) and AR CAG repeat length is unclear and studies of Asian populations are limited. Aim: To inv...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Oxford University Press
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Sexual Medicine |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050116118300345 |
| _version_ | 1797708881491656704 |
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| author | Jong Wook Kim, MD, PhD Young Dae Bae, MD Sun Tae Ahn, MD Jin Wook Kim, MD, PhD Je Jong Kim, MD, PhD Du Geon Moon, MD, PhD |
| author_facet | Jong Wook Kim, MD, PhD Young Dae Bae, MD Sun Tae Ahn, MD Jin Wook Kim, MD, PhD Je Jong Kim, MD, PhD Du Geon Moon, MD, PhD |
| author_sort | Jong Wook Kim, MD, PhD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Testosterone action is mediated through the androgen receptor (AR), whose sensitivity is influenced by the AR CAG repeat polymorphism. However, the relation between late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) and AR CAG repeat length is unclear and studies of Asian populations are limited. Aim: To investigate the relation between AR CAG repeat length and LOH in Korean men. Methods: 263 Korean men (mean age = 63.43 ± 10.9 years) were enrolled from 2014 to 2015. LOH diagnosis was based on a serum testosterone level lower than 3.5 ng/mL and positive androgen deficiency according to the Aging Males’ Symptom Scale (AMS). Total testosterone levels and answers to the LOH-related questionnaire were analyzed. Outcomes: The relation between AR CAG repeat length and LOH was determined. Results: Mean CAG repeat length was 22.1 ± 4.6 and mean serum testosterone levels were 2.6 ± 0.7 and 6.0 ± 2.0 ng/mL in men with and without LOH, respectively. Men with LOH showed significantly longer AR CAG repeat lengths than men without LOH (26.1 vs 21.6, P < .001). Longer CAG repeat lengths were correlated with higher AMS total scores (r = 0.454, P = .001) and AMS psychotic, somatic, and sexual sub-scores (r = 0.276, 0.246, and 0.571, P = .006, .007, .001, respectively) and significantly lower 5-item International Index of Erectile Function scores (r = −0.261, P = .001). Multivariate analysis showed that patient age and CAG repeat length were independently associated with LOH (odds ratio = 1.05 and 1.29, P = .041 and <.001, respectively). Clinical Implications: A longer CAG repeat length is associated with LOH symptoms and LOH. Strengths and Limitations: Associations between CAG repeats and LOH were verified in Korean patients. Moreover, a longer CAG repeat length was shown to be an independent risk factor for LOH. Limitations included the small number of LOH patients studied and that other sex hormone-associated factors were not measured. Conclusions: AR CAG repeat length was associated with LOH prevalence and clinical symptoms in this Korean male population. Thus, it is important to measure CAG repeat length for patients with LOH symptoms with normal testosterone levels.Kim JW, Bae YD, Ahn ST, et al. Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length as a Risk Factor of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Korean Male Population. Sex Med 2018;6:203–209. Key Words: Androgen Receptor, CAG Repeat, Late-Onset Hypogonadism, Testosterone |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:28:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88363b736f334ab48e10d983f367a6e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-1161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:28:08Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-88363b736f334ab48e10d983f367a6e32023-09-03T01:47:53ZengOxford University PressSexual Medicine2050-11612018-09-0163203209Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length as a Risk Factor of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Korean Male PopulationJong Wook Kim, MD, PhD0Young Dae Bae, MD1Sun Tae Ahn, MD2Jin Wook Kim, MD, PhD3Je Jong Kim, MD, PhD4Du Geon Moon, MD, PhD5Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, KoreaInstitute of Regenerative Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea; Corresponding Author: Du Geon Moon, MD, PhD, Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Korea University, #148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea. Tel: 82-2-2626-3201; Fax: 82-2-2626-1321Background: Testosterone action is mediated through the androgen receptor (AR), whose sensitivity is influenced by the AR CAG repeat polymorphism. However, the relation between late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) and AR CAG repeat length is unclear and studies of Asian populations are limited. Aim: To investigate the relation between AR CAG repeat length and LOH in Korean men. Methods: 263 Korean men (mean age = 63.43 ± 10.9 years) were enrolled from 2014 to 2015. LOH diagnosis was based on a serum testosterone level lower than 3.5 ng/mL and positive androgen deficiency according to the Aging Males’ Symptom Scale (AMS). Total testosterone levels and answers to the LOH-related questionnaire were analyzed. Outcomes: The relation between AR CAG repeat length and LOH was determined. Results: Mean CAG repeat length was 22.1 ± 4.6 and mean serum testosterone levels were 2.6 ± 0.7 and 6.0 ± 2.0 ng/mL in men with and without LOH, respectively. Men with LOH showed significantly longer AR CAG repeat lengths than men without LOH (26.1 vs 21.6, P < .001). Longer CAG repeat lengths were correlated with higher AMS total scores (r = 0.454, P = .001) and AMS psychotic, somatic, and sexual sub-scores (r = 0.276, 0.246, and 0.571, P = .006, .007, .001, respectively) and significantly lower 5-item International Index of Erectile Function scores (r = −0.261, P = .001). Multivariate analysis showed that patient age and CAG repeat length were independently associated with LOH (odds ratio = 1.05 and 1.29, P = .041 and <.001, respectively). Clinical Implications: A longer CAG repeat length is associated with LOH symptoms and LOH. Strengths and Limitations: Associations between CAG repeats and LOH were verified in Korean patients. Moreover, a longer CAG repeat length was shown to be an independent risk factor for LOH. Limitations included the small number of LOH patients studied and that other sex hormone-associated factors were not measured. Conclusions: AR CAG repeat length was associated with LOH prevalence and clinical symptoms in this Korean male population. Thus, it is important to measure CAG repeat length for patients with LOH symptoms with normal testosterone levels.Kim JW, Bae YD, Ahn ST, et al. Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length as a Risk Factor of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Korean Male Population. Sex Med 2018;6:203–209. Key Words: Androgen Receptor, CAG Repeat, Late-Onset Hypogonadism, Testosteronehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050116118300345 |
| spellingShingle | Jong Wook Kim, MD, PhD Young Dae Bae, MD Sun Tae Ahn, MD Jin Wook Kim, MD, PhD Je Jong Kim, MD, PhD Du Geon Moon, MD, PhD Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length as a Risk Factor of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Korean Male Population Sexual Medicine |
| title | Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length as a Risk Factor of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Korean Male Population |
| title_full | Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length as a Risk Factor of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Korean Male Population |
| title_fullStr | Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length as a Risk Factor of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Korean Male Population |
| title_full_unstemmed | Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length as a Risk Factor of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Korean Male Population |
| title_short | Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length as a Risk Factor of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Korean Male Population |
| title_sort | androgen receptor cag repeat length as a risk factor of late onset hypogonadism in a korean male population |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050116118300345 |
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