Application of 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone in the Nutrient Solution Used in Tomato Soilless Cultivation to Inhibit <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> HF-26 Growth and Development
Soilless cultivation has increased in China. Like vegetables or ornamental plants, tomatoes can be cultivated in soilless culture systems. Fusarium wilt (FW) is an economic tomato disease. The nature and amount of volatile organic compounds in <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> PT-15 were inv...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/5/1210 |
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| author | Jianxiu Hao Dalai Wuyun Xianmei Xi Baozhu Dong Dong Wang Wei Quan Ziyu Zhang Hongyou Zhou |
| author_facet | Jianxiu Hao Dalai Wuyun Xianmei Xi Baozhu Dong Dong Wang Wei Quan Ziyu Zhang Hongyou Zhou |
| author_sort | Jianxiu Hao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soilless cultivation has increased in China. Like vegetables or ornamental plants, tomatoes can be cultivated in soilless culture systems. Fusarium wilt (FW) is an economic tomato disease. The nature and amount of volatile organic compounds in <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> PT-15 were investigated, and 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6-PP) was detected. Furthermore, the effect of 6-PP on <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> HF-26 was evaluated. Results revealed that 25 mg/L 6-PP was the optimal concentration inhibiting <i>F. oxysporum</i> HF-26 and that the content of fusaric acid decreased considerably compared to that of the control. <i>FUB1</i>, <i>FUB4</i>, and <i>FUB10</i> toxin synthesis and transport genes were downregulated. Additionally, <i>VelA, velB</i>, and <i>LaeA</i> genes were downregulated, reducing <i>F. oxysporum</i> mycelial growth and hyphae formation. 6-PP was added to the soilless culture solution in a greenhouse experiment. The results showed that an antifungal–nutrient solution containing 25 mg/L 6-PP significantly suppressed FW with 70.71% efficacy and a 27.23% disease index (DI), which were higher efficacy and lower DI than that of the control. Furthermore, treatment with an antifungal–nutrient solution containing 6-PP increased the levels of defence enzymes 24 h post-inoculation (hpi) compared with those at other time periods. The relative expression levels of the <i>PR1, NPR1, PR2</i>, and <i>PR5</i> genes were considerably upregulated at 24 hpi. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:01:40Z |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-8858b99326874a378d6b392d2c86e3752023-11-18T00:04:43ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-04-01135121010.3390/agronomy13051210Application of 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone in the Nutrient Solution Used in Tomato Soilless Cultivation to Inhibit <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> HF-26 Growth and DevelopmentJianxiu Hao0Dalai Wuyun1Xianmei Xi2Baozhu Dong3Dong Wang4Wei Quan5Ziyu Zhang6Hongyou Zhou7College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Environment, Hohhot Minzu University, Hohhot 010051, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultral & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, ChinaSoilless cultivation has increased in China. Like vegetables or ornamental plants, tomatoes can be cultivated in soilless culture systems. Fusarium wilt (FW) is an economic tomato disease. The nature and amount of volatile organic compounds in <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> PT-15 were investigated, and 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6-PP) was detected. Furthermore, the effect of 6-PP on <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> HF-26 was evaluated. Results revealed that 25 mg/L 6-PP was the optimal concentration inhibiting <i>F. oxysporum</i> HF-26 and that the content of fusaric acid decreased considerably compared to that of the control. <i>FUB1</i>, <i>FUB4</i>, and <i>FUB10</i> toxin synthesis and transport genes were downregulated. Additionally, <i>VelA, velB</i>, and <i>LaeA</i> genes were downregulated, reducing <i>F. oxysporum</i> mycelial growth and hyphae formation. 6-PP was added to the soilless culture solution in a greenhouse experiment. The results showed that an antifungal–nutrient solution containing 25 mg/L 6-PP significantly suppressed FW with 70.71% efficacy and a 27.23% disease index (DI), which were higher efficacy and lower DI than that of the control. Furthermore, treatment with an antifungal–nutrient solution containing 6-PP increased the levels of defence enzymes 24 h post-inoculation (hpi) compared with those at other time periods. The relative expression levels of the <i>PR1, NPR1, PR2</i>, and <i>PR5</i> genes were considerably upregulated at 24 hpi.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/5/1210soilless culturetomato fusarium wilt<i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> PT-156-pentyl-α-pyroneantifungal–nutrient solution |
| spellingShingle | Jianxiu Hao Dalai Wuyun Xianmei Xi Baozhu Dong Dong Wang Wei Quan Ziyu Zhang Hongyou Zhou Application of 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone in the Nutrient Solution Used in Tomato Soilless Cultivation to Inhibit <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> HF-26 Growth and Development Agronomy soilless culture tomato fusarium wilt <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> PT-15 6-pentyl-α-pyrone antifungal–nutrient solution |
| title | Application of 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone in the Nutrient Solution Used in Tomato Soilless Cultivation to Inhibit <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> HF-26 Growth and Development |
| title_full | Application of 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone in the Nutrient Solution Used in Tomato Soilless Cultivation to Inhibit <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> HF-26 Growth and Development |
| title_fullStr | Application of 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone in the Nutrient Solution Used in Tomato Soilless Cultivation to Inhibit <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> HF-26 Growth and Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone in the Nutrient Solution Used in Tomato Soilless Cultivation to Inhibit <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> HF-26 Growth and Development |
| title_short | Application of 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone in the Nutrient Solution Used in Tomato Soilless Cultivation to Inhibit <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> HF-26 Growth and Development |
| title_sort | application of 6 pentyl α pyrone in the nutrient solution used in tomato soilless cultivation to inhibit i fusarium oxysporum i hf 26 growth and development |
| topic | soilless culture tomato fusarium wilt <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> PT-15 6-pentyl-α-pyrone antifungal–nutrient solution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/5/1210 |
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