Higher Serum E-Selectin Levels Associated with Malignant Brain Edema after Endovascular Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study

<b>Background and Purpose:</b> Little is known about the effect of soluble adhesion molecules on malignant brain edema (MBE) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). This study aimed to explore the association between serum concentrations of E-selectin and the risk of MBE in patients who r...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Feng Zhou, Mingyang Du, Yan E, Shuaiyu Chen, Wei Wang, Hongchao Shi, Junshan Zhou, Yingdong Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-07-01
Series:Brain Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/7/1097
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Summary:<b>Background and Purpose:</b> Little is known about the effect of soluble adhesion molecules on malignant brain edema (MBE) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). This study aimed to explore the association between serum concentrations of E-selectin and the risk of MBE in patients who received EVT. <b>Methods:</b> Patients with a large vessel occlusion stroke in the anterior circulation who underwent EVT were prospectively recruited. Serum soluble E-selectin concentrations were measured after admission for all patients. MBE was defined as a midline shift of ≥5 mm on follow-up imaging within 72 h after surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between E-selectin levels and the risk of MBE. <b>Results:</b> Among the 261 included patients (mean age, 69.7 ± 12.3 years; 166 males), 59 (22.6%) developed MBE. Increasing circulating E-selectin levels were associated with an increased risk of MBE after multivariable adjustment (odds ratios [OR], highest vs. lowest quartile: 3.593; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.178−10.956; <i>p</i> = 0.025). We further observed a significantly positive association between E-selectin and MBE (per 1-standard deviation increase; OR, 1.988; 95% CI, 1.379−2.866, <i>p</i> = 0.001) when the E-selectin levels were analyzed as a continuous variable. Furthermore, the restricted cubic spline demonstrated a linear correlation between serum E-selectin levels and the risk of MBE (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for linearity). <b>Conclusions</b>: In this prospective study, circulating levels of E-selectin were associated with an increased risk of MBE after EVT. Further mechanistic studies are warranted to elucidate the pathophysiology underlying this association.
ISSN:2076-3425