Mycotoxin Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> Interferes Sphingolipid Metabolisms and Neural Tube Closure during Early Embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya Ducks
Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> (FB<sub>1</sub>) is among the most common contaminants produced by <i>Fusarium</i> spp. fungus from corns and animal feeds. Although FB<sub>1</sub> has been known to cause physical or functional defects of embryos in humans and...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/11/743 |
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| author | Chompunut Lumsangkul Ko-Hua Tso Yang-Kwang Fan Hsin-I Chiang Jyh-Cherng Ju |
| author_facet | Chompunut Lumsangkul Ko-Hua Tso Yang-Kwang Fan Hsin-I Chiang Jyh-Cherng Ju |
| author_sort | Chompunut Lumsangkul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> (FB<sub>1</sub>) is among the most common contaminants produced by <i>Fusarium</i> spp. fungus from corns and animal feeds. Although FB<sub>1</sub> has been known to cause physical or functional defects of embryos in humans and several animal species such as Syrian hamsters, rabbits, and rodents, little is known about the precise toxicity to the embryos and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully addressed. The present study aimed to investigate its developmental toxicity and potential mechanisms of action on sphingolipid metabolism in Brown Tsaiya Ducks (BTDs) embryos. We examined the effect of various FB<sub>1</sub> dosages (0, 10, 20 and 40 µg/embryo) on BTD embryogenesis 72 h post-incubation. The sphingomyelin content of duck embryos decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the highest FB<sub>1</sub>-treated group (40 µg). Failure of neural tube closure was observed in treated embryos and the expression levels of a neurulation-related gene, sonic hedgehog (<i>Shh</i>) was abnormally decreased. The sphingolipid metabolism-related genes including <i>N</i>-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1 (<i>ASAH1</i>), and ceramide synthase 6 (<i>CERS6</i>) expressions were altered in the treated embryos compared to those in the control embryos. Apparently, FB<sub>1</sub> have interfered sphingolipid metabolisms by inhibiting the functions of ceramide synthase and folate transporters. In conclusion, FB<sub>1</sub>-caused developmental retardation and abnormalities, such as neural tube defects in Brown Tsaiya Duck embryos, as well as are partly mediated by the disruption of sphingolipid metabolisms. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:01:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-886d4487da3c4f988256056c99af35552023-11-23T01:48:21ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512021-10-01131174310.3390/toxins13110743Mycotoxin Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> Interferes Sphingolipid Metabolisms and Neural Tube Closure during Early Embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya DucksChompunut Lumsangkul0Ko-Hua Tso1Yang-Kwang Fan2Hsin-I Chiang3Jyh-Cherng Ju4Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, TaiwanDepartment of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, TaiwanDepartment of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, TaiwanDepartment of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, TaiwanFumonisin B<sub>1</sub> (FB<sub>1</sub>) is among the most common contaminants produced by <i>Fusarium</i> spp. fungus from corns and animal feeds. Although FB<sub>1</sub> has been known to cause physical or functional defects of embryos in humans and several animal species such as Syrian hamsters, rabbits, and rodents, little is known about the precise toxicity to the embryos and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully addressed. The present study aimed to investigate its developmental toxicity and potential mechanisms of action on sphingolipid metabolism in Brown Tsaiya Ducks (BTDs) embryos. We examined the effect of various FB<sub>1</sub> dosages (0, 10, 20 and 40 µg/embryo) on BTD embryogenesis 72 h post-incubation. The sphingomyelin content of duck embryos decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the highest FB<sub>1</sub>-treated group (40 µg). Failure of neural tube closure was observed in treated embryos and the expression levels of a neurulation-related gene, sonic hedgehog (<i>Shh</i>) was abnormally decreased. The sphingolipid metabolism-related genes including <i>N</i>-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1 (<i>ASAH1</i>), and ceramide synthase 6 (<i>CERS6</i>) expressions were altered in the treated embryos compared to those in the control embryos. Apparently, FB<sub>1</sub> have interfered sphingolipid metabolisms by inhibiting the functions of ceramide synthase and folate transporters. In conclusion, FB<sub>1</sub>-caused developmental retardation and abnormalities, such as neural tube defects in Brown Tsaiya Duck embryos, as well as are partly mediated by the disruption of sphingolipid metabolisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/11/743duck embryosearly embryogenesisfumonisin B<sub>1</sub>neural tube defects |
| spellingShingle | Chompunut Lumsangkul Ko-Hua Tso Yang-Kwang Fan Hsin-I Chiang Jyh-Cherng Ju Mycotoxin Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> Interferes Sphingolipid Metabolisms and Neural Tube Closure during Early Embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya Ducks Toxins duck embryos early embryogenesis fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> neural tube defects |
| title | Mycotoxin Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> Interferes Sphingolipid Metabolisms and Neural Tube Closure during Early Embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya Ducks |
| title_full | Mycotoxin Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> Interferes Sphingolipid Metabolisms and Neural Tube Closure during Early Embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya Ducks |
| title_fullStr | Mycotoxin Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> Interferes Sphingolipid Metabolisms and Neural Tube Closure during Early Embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya Ducks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mycotoxin Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> Interferes Sphingolipid Metabolisms and Neural Tube Closure during Early Embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya Ducks |
| title_short | Mycotoxin Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> Interferes Sphingolipid Metabolisms and Neural Tube Closure during Early Embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya Ducks |
| title_sort | mycotoxin fumonisin b sub 1 sub interferes sphingolipid metabolisms and neural tube closure during early embryogenesis in brown tsaiya ducks |
| topic | duck embryos early embryogenesis fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> neural tube defects |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/11/743 |
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