Role of lipocalin 2 in stroke
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide; however, the treatment choices available to neurologists are limited in clinical practice. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a secreted protein, belonging to the lipocalin superfamily, with multiple biological functions in mediating innate immune response,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Neurobiology of Disease |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096999612300058X |
| _version_ | 1797867397149884416 |
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| author | Ruo-Yu Zhao Peng-Ju Wei Xin Sun Dian-Hui Zhang Qian-Yan He Jie Liu Jun-Lei Chang Yi Yang Zhen-Ni Guo |
| author_facet | Ruo-Yu Zhao Peng-Ju Wei Xin Sun Dian-Hui Zhang Qian-Yan He Jie Liu Jun-Lei Chang Yi Yang Zhen-Ni Guo |
| author_sort | Ruo-Yu Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide; however, the treatment choices available to neurologists are limited in clinical practice. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a secreted protein, belonging to the lipocalin superfamily, with multiple biological functions in mediating innate immune response, inflammatory response, iron-homeostasis, cell migration and differentiation, energy metabolism, and other processes in the body. LCN2 is expressed at low levels in the brain under normal physiological conditions, but its expression is significantly up-regulated in multiple acute stimulations and chronic pathologies. An up-regulation of LCN2 has been found in the blood/cerebrospinal fluid of patients with ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke, and could serve as a potential biomarker for the prediction of the severity of acute stroke. LCN2 activates reactive astrocytes and microglia, promotes neutrophil infiltration, amplifies post-stroke inflammation, promotes blood–brain barrier disruption, white matter injury, and neuronal death. Moreover, LCN2 is involved in brain injury induced by thrombin and erythrocyte lysates, as well as microvascular thrombosis after hemorrhage. In this paper, we review the role of LCN2 in the pathological processes of ischemic stroke; intracerebral hemorrhage; subarachnoid hemorrhage; and stroke-related brain diseases, such as vascular dementia and post-stroke depression, and their underlying mechanisms. We hope that this review will help elucidate the value of LCN2 as a therapeutic target in stroke. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:40:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8873fb8f06b3472e8e49342e59b3c3d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1095-953X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:40:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neurobiology of Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-8873fb8f06b3472e8e49342e59b3c3d72023-03-19T04:37:06ZengElsevierNeurobiology of Disease1095-953X2023-04-01179106044Role of lipocalin 2 in strokeRuo-Yu Zhao0Peng-Ju Wei1Xin Sun2Dian-Hui Zhang3Qian-Yan He4Jie Liu5Jun-Lei Chang6Yi Yang7Zhen-Ni Guo8Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, ChinaShenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, ChinaStroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, ChinaStroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, ChinaStroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, ChinaShenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China; Neuroscience Research Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China; Corresponding authors at: Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China.Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China; Neuroscience Research Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China; Corresponding authors at: Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China.Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide; however, the treatment choices available to neurologists are limited in clinical practice. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a secreted protein, belonging to the lipocalin superfamily, with multiple biological functions in mediating innate immune response, inflammatory response, iron-homeostasis, cell migration and differentiation, energy metabolism, and other processes in the body. LCN2 is expressed at low levels in the brain under normal physiological conditions, but its expression is significantly up-regulated in multiple acute stimulations and chronic pathologies. An up-regulation of LCN2 has been found in the blood/cerebrospinal fluid of patients with ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke, and could serve as a potential biomarker for the prediction of the severity of acute stroke. LCN2 activates reactive astrocytes and microglia, promotes neutrophil infiltration, amplifies post-stroke inflammation, promotes blood–brain barrier disruption, white matter injury, and neuronal death. Moreover, LCN2 is involved in brain injury induced by thrombin and erythrocyte lysates, as well as microvascular thrombosis after hemorrhage. In this paper, we review the role of LCN2 in the pathological processes of ischemic stroke; intracerebral hemorrhage; subarachnoid hemorrhage; and stroke-related brain diseases, such as vascular dementia and post-stroke depression, and their underlying mechanisms. We hope that this review will help elucidate the value of LCN2 as a therapeutic target in stroke.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096999612300058XLipocalin 2Ischemic strokeIntracerebral hemorrhageSubarachnoid hemorrhageGlial activationNeuroinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Ruo-Yu Zhao Peng-Ju Wei Xin Sun Dian-Hui Zhang Qian-Yan He Jie Liu Jun-Lei Chang Yi Yang Zhen-Ni Guo Role of lipocalin 2 in stroke Neurobiology of Disease Lipocalin 2 Ischemic stroke Intracerebral hemorrhage Subarachnoid hemorrhage Glial activation Neuroinflammation |
| title | Role of lipocalin 2 in stroke |
| title_full | Role of lipocalin 2 in stroke |
| title_fullStr | Role of lipocalin 2 in stroke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of lipocalin 2 in stroke |
| title_short | Role of lipocalin 2 in stroke |
| title_sort | role of lipocalin 2 in stroke |
| topic | Lipocalin 2 Ischemic stroke Intracerebral hemorrhage Subarachnoid hemorrhage Glial activation Neuroinflammation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096999612300058X |
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