Infrastructure-Less Indoor Localization Using the Microphone, Magnetometer and Light Sensor of a Smartphone
In this paper, we present the development of an infrastructure-less indoor location system (ILS), which relies on the use of a microphone, a magnetometer and a light sensor of a smartphone, all three of which are essentially passive sensors, relying on signals available practically in any building i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2015-08-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/8/20355 |
| _version_ | 1811304003565256704 |
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| author | Carlos E. Galván-Tejada Juan Pablo García-Vázquez Jorge I. Galván-Tejada J. Rubén Delgado-Contreras Ramon F. Brena |
| author_facet | Carlos E. Galván-Tejada Juan Pablo García-Vázquez Jorge I. Galván-Tejada J. Rubén Delgado-Contreras Ramon F. Brena |
| author_sort | Carlos E. Galván-Tejada |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, we present the development of an infrastructure-less indoor location system (ILS), which relies on the use of a microphone, a magnetometer and a light sensor of a smartphone, all three of which are essentially passive sensors, relying on signals available practically in any building in the world, no matter how developed the region is. In our work, we merge the information from those sensors to estimate the user’s location in an indoor environment. A multivariate model is applied to find the user’s location, and we evaluate the quality of the resulting model in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Our experiments were carried out in an office environment during summer and winter, to take into account changes in light patterns, as well as changes in the Earth’s magnetic field irregularities. The experimental results clearly show the benefits of using the information fusion of multiple sensors when contrasted with the use of a single source of information. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:58:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88764dac89cb4a24af17c019e9e5ab43 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:58:12Z |
| publishDate | 2015-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-88764dac89cb4a24af17c019e9e5ab432022-12-22T02:55:21ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202015-08-01158203552037210.3390/s150820355s150820355Infrastructure-Less Indoor Localization Using the Microphone, Magnetometer and Light Sensor of a SmartphoneCarlos E. Galván-Tejada0Juan Pablo García-Vázquez1Jorge I. Galván-Tejada2J. Rubén Delgado-Contreras3Ramon F. Brena4Programa de Ingeniería de Software, Unidad Académica de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Ciudad Universitaria Siglo XXI, Edificio de Ingeniería de Software e Ingeniería en Computación, Zacatecas 98160, MexicoSchool of Engineering, MyDCI, Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC), Mexicali 21100, MexicoIngeniería Robótica y Mecatrónica, Unidad Académica de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas "Francisco Garcia Salinas", Zacatecas 98000, MexicoGraduate School of Engineering and Science, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, CETEC South, 5th Floor, Av. E. Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL 64849, MexicoGraduate School of Engineering and Science, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, CETEC South, 5th Floor, Av. E. Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL 64849, MexicoIn this paper, we present the development of an infrastructure-less indoor location system (ILS), which relies on the use of a microphone, a magnetometer and a light sensor of a smartphone, all three of which are essentially passive sensors, relying on signals available practically in any building in the world, no matter how developed the region is. In our work, we merge the information from those sensors to estimate the user’s location in an indoor environment. A multivariate model is applied to find the user’s location, and we evaluate the quality of the resulting model in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Our experiments were carried out in an office environment during summer and winter, to take into account changes in light patterns, as well as changes in the Earth’s magnetic field irregularities. The experimental results clearly show the benefits of using the information fusion of multiple sensors when contrasted with the use of a single source of information.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/8/20355indoor locationinformation fusionfeature extractionfeature selectiongenetic algorithms |
| spellingShingle | Carlos E. Galván-Tejada Juan Pablo García-Vázquez Jorge I. Galván-Tejada J. Rubén Delgado-Contreras Ramon F. Brena Infrastructure-Less Indoor Localization Using the Microphone, Magnetometer and Light Sensor of a Smartphone Sensors indoor location information fusion feature extraction feature selection genetic algorithms |
| title | Infrastructure-Less Indoor Localization Using the Microphone, Magnetometer and Light Sensor of a Smartphone |
| title_full | Infrastructure-Less Indoor Localization Using the Microphone, Magnetometer and Light Sensor of a Smartphone |
| title_fullStr | Infrastructure-Less Indoor Localization Using the Microphone, Magnetometer and Light Sensor of a Smartphone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infrastructure-Less Indoor Localization Using the Microphone, Magnetometer and Light Sensor of a Smartphone |
| title_short | Infrastructure-Less Indoor Localization Using the Microphone, Magnetometer and Light Sensor of a Smartphone |
| title_sort | infrastructure less indoor localization using the microphone magnetometer and light sensor of a smartphone |
| topic | indoor location information fusion feature extraction feature selection genetic algorithms |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/8/20355 |
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