Ethanol-Assisted Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Poplar Using Fe-Co/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalyst
Although the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into bio-oil with high yield/quality through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is promising, it still faces many challenges. In this study, a Fe<sub>x</sub>-Co<sub>(1-x)</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3057 |
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| author | Haijun Wu Usama Shakeel Quan Zhang Kai Zhang Xia Xu Jian Xu |
| author_facet | Haijun Wu Usama Shakeel Quan Zhang Kai Zhang Xia Xu Jian Xu |
| author_sort | Haijun Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into bio-oil with high yield/quality through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is promising, it still faces many challenges. In this study, a Fe<sub>x</sub>-Co<sub>(1-x)</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst was prepared with the coprecipitation method and low-content ethanol was used as the cosolvent for the HTL of poplar. The results showed that the Fe<sub>x</sub>-Co<sub>(1-x)</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst significantly promoted the yield and energy recovery rate (ERR) of bio-oil compared with the control (10% ethanol content). At 260 °C for 30 min, 60Fe-40Co/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> had the best catalytic effect, achieving the highest bio-oil yield (67.35%) and ERR (93.07%). As a multifunctional bimetallic catalyst, Fe<sub>x</sub>-Co<sub>(1-x)</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> could not only increase the degree of hydrogenation deoxidization of the product but also promote the diversity of phenolic compounds gained from lignin. The bio-oil obtained from HTL with Fe<sub>x</sub>-Co<sub>(1-x)</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as catalyst contained lower heterocyclic nitrogen, promoting the transfer of more bio-oil components to substances with lower boiling point. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:13:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8878d7c616294e9189733b320ee323bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:13:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-8878d7c616294e9189733b320ee323bf2023-11-23T08:05:56ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-04-01159305710.3390/en15093057Ethanol-Assisted Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Poplar Using Fe-Co/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as CatalystHaijun Wu0Usama Shakeel1Quan Zhang2Kai Zhang3Xia Xu4Jian Xu5Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, ChinaBiochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, ChinaBiochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, ChinaBiochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, ChinaBiochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, ChinaBiochemical Engineering Research Center, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, ChinaAlthough the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into bio-oil with high yield/quality through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is promising, it still faces many challenges. In this study, a Fe<sub>x</sub>-Co<sub>(1-x)</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst was prepared with the coprecipitation method and low-content ethanol was used as the cosolvent for the HTL of poplar. The results showed that the Fe<sub>x</sub>-Co<sub>(1-x)</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst significantly promoted the yield and energy recovery rate (ERR) of bio-oil compared with the control (10% ethanol content). At 260 °C for 30 min, 60Fe-40Co/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> had the best catalytic effect, achieving the highest bio-oil yield (67.35%) and ERR (93.07%). As a multifunctional bimetallic catalyst, Fe<sub>x</sub>-Co<sub>(1-x)</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> could not only increase the degree of hydrogenation deoxidization of the product but also promote the diversity of phenolic compounds gained from lignin. The bio-oil obtained from HTL with Fe<sub>x</sub>-Co<sub>(1-x)</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as catalyst contained lower heterocyclic nitrogen, promoting the transfer of more bio-oil components to substances with lower boiling point.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3057hydrothermal liquefactionbimetallic cocatalysisbio-oillow ethanol ratiopoplar |
| spellingShingle | Haijun Wu Usama Shakeel Quan Zhang Kai Zhang Xia Xu Jian Xu Ethanol-Assisted Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Poplar Using Fe-Co/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalyst Energies hydrothermal liquefaction bimetallic cocatalysis bio-oil low ethanol ratio poplar |
| title | Ethanol-Assisted Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Poplar Using Fe-Co/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalyst |
| title_full | Ethanol-Assisted Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Poplar Using Fe-Co/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalyst |
| title_fullStr | Ethanol-Assisted Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Poplar Using Fe-Co/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ethanol-Assisted Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Poplar Using Fe-Co/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalyst |
| title_short | Ethanol-Assisted Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Poplar Using Fe-Co/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalyst |
| title_sort | ethanol assisted hydrothermal liquefaction of poplar using fe co al sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub as catalyst |
| topic | hydrothermal liquefaction bimetallic cocatalysis bio-oil low ethanol ratio poplar |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3057 |
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