Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update
Cells are continually exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during cellular metabolism. Apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy are biological processes involving a feedback cycle that causes ROS molecules to induce oxidative stress. To adapt to ROS exposure, living cells develop various def...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332223003943 |
| _version_ | 1797837173470265344 |
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| author | Atala Bihari Jena Rashmi Rekha Samal Nitish Kumar Bhol Asim K. Duttaroy |
| author_facet | Atala Bihari Jena Rashmi Rekha Samal Nitish Kumar Bhol Asim K. Duttaroy |
| author_sort | Atala Bihari Jena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cells are continually exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during cellular metabolism. Apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy are biological processes involving a feedback cycle that causes ROS molecules to induce oxidative stress. To adapt to ROS exposure, living cells develop various defense mechanisms to neutralize and use ROS as a signaling molecule. The cellular redox networks combine signaling pathways that regulate cell metabolism, energy, cell survival, and cell death. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) are essential antioxidant enzymes that are required for scavenging ROS in various cell compartments and response to stressful situations. Among the non-enzymatic defenses, vitamin C, glutathione (GSH), polyphenols, carotenoids, vitamin E, etc., are also essential. This review article describes how ROS are produced as byproducts of oxidation/reduction (redox) processes and how the antioxidants defense system is directly or indirectly engaged in scavenging ROS. In addition, we used computational methods to determine the comparative profile of binding energies of several antioxidants with antioxidant enzymes. The computational analysis demonstrates that antioxidants with a high affinity for antioxidant enzymes regulate their structures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:21:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8879b24351384754a178536f63d40b91 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0753-3322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:21:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-8879b24351384754a178536f63d40b912023-04-29T14:45:59ZengElsevierBiomedicine & Pharmacotherapy0753-33222023-06-01162114606Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest updateAtala Bihari Jena0Rashmi Rekha Samal1Nitish Kumar Bhol2Asim K. Duttaroy3Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USACSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, IndiaPost Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, IndiaDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; Correspondence to: Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.Cells are continually exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during cellular metabolism. Apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy are biological processes involving a feedback cycle that causes ROS molecules to induce oxidative stress. To adapt to ROS exposure, living cells develop various defense mechanisms to neutralize and use ROS as a signaling molecule. The cellular redox networks combine signaling pathways that regulate cell metabolism, energy, cell survival, and cell death. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) are essential antioxidant enzymes that are required for scavenging ROS in various cell compartments and response to stressful situations. Among the non-enzymatic defenses, vitamin C, glutathione (GSH), polyphenols, carotenoids, vitamin E, etc., are also essential. This review article describes how ROS are produced as byproducts of oxidation/reduction (redox) processes and how the antioxidants defense system is directly or indirectly engaged in scavenging ROS. In addition, we used computational methods to determine the comparative profile of binding energies of several antioxidants with antioxidant enzymes. The computational analysis demonstrates that antioxidants with a high affinity for antioxidant enzymes regulate their structures.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332223003943Free radicalsRed-OXROSDiseaseAntioxidantsCVD |
| spellingShingle | Atala Bihari Jena Rashmi Rekha Samal Nitish Kumar Bhol Asim K. Duttaroy Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy Free radicals Red-OX ROS Disease Antioxidants CVD |
| title | Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update |
| title_full | Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update |
| title_fullStr | Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update |
| title_short | Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update |
| title_sort | cellular red ox system in health and disease the latest update |
| topic | Free radicals Red-OX ROS Disease Antioxidants CVD |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332223003943 |
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