Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From?
Among the <i>Poxviridae</i> family, <i>orthopoxvirus</i> is the most notorious genus. Several DNA viruses belonging to this group are known to produce human disease from the life-threatening variola virus (VARV) (the causative agent of smallpox), monkeypox virus (MPXV), cowpo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/9/1894 |
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| author | Giorgio Tiecco Melania Degli Antoni Samuele Storti Lina Rachele Tomasoni Francesco Castelli Eugenia Quiros-Roldan |
| author_facet | Giorgio Tiecco Melania Degli Antoni Samuele Storti Lina Rachele Tomasoni Francesco Castelli Eugenia Quiros-Roldan |
| author_sort | Giorgio Tiecco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Among the <i>Poxviridae</i> family, <i>orthopoxvirus</i> is the most notorious genus. Several DNA viruses belonging to this group are known to produce human disease from the life-threatening variola virus (VARV) (the causative agent of smallpox), monkeypox virus (MPXV), cowpox virus (CPXV), and vaccinia virus (VACV). These <i>orthopoxviruses</i> still remain a public health concern as VACV or CPXV still cause emerging endemic threads, especially in developing countries. MPXV is able to cause sporadic human outbreaks of a smallpox-like zoonotic disease and, in May 2022, hundreds of cases related to MPXV have been reported from more than 30 countries around the globe. At the end of July, monkeypox (MPX) outbreak was even declared a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO). Many aspects remain unclear regarding this outbreak and a deep understanding of <i>orthopoxvirus</i> might have crucial and evident implications. During the era in which people under 45 years old are not protected against VACV, the potential use of <i>orthopoxviruses</i> as a biological weapon raises global concern considering the rapid spreading of the current MPX outbreak in vulnerable populations. Hence, we review the most recent evidence about phylogenesis, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment for this concerning disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:14:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8881e353e7434e958d70310a32efc7bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:14:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-8881e353e7434e958d70310a32efc7bb2023-11-23T19:26:03ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-08-01149189410.3390/v14091894Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From?Giorgio Tiecco0Melania Degli Antoni1Samuele Storti2Lina Rachele Tomasoni3Francesco Castelli4Eugenia Quiros-Roldan5Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyUnit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyAmong the <i>Poxviridae</i> family, <i>orthopoxvirus</i> is the most notorious genus. Several DNA viruses belonging to this group are known to produce human disease from the life-threatening variola virus (VARV) (the causative agent of smallpox), monkeypox virus (MPXV), cowpox virus (CPXV), and vaccinia virus (VACV). These <i>orthopoxviruses</i> still remain a public health concern as VACV or CPXV still cause emerging endemic threads, especially in developing countries. MPXV is able to cause sporadic human outbreaks of a smallpox-like zoonotic disease and, in May 2022, hundreds of cases related to MPXV have been reported from more than 30 countries around the globe. At the end of July, monkeypox (MPX) outbreak was even declared a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO). Many aspects remain unclear regarding this outbreak and a deep understanding of <i>orthopoxvirus</i> might have crucial and evident implications. During the era in which people under 45 years old are not protected against VACV, the potential use of <i>orthopoxviruses</i> as a biological weapon raises global concern considering the rapid spreading of the current MPX outbreak in vulnerable populations. Hence, we review the most recent evidence about phylogenesis, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment for this concerning disease.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/9/1894MonkeypoxMPXMPXVphylogenesisvaccinestherapy |
| spellingShingle | Giorgio Tiecco Melania Degli Antoni Samuele Storti Lina Rachele Tomasoni Francesco Castelli Eugenia Quiros-Roldan Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From? Viruses Monkeypox MPX MPXV phylogenesis vaccines therapy |
| title | Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From? |
| title_full | Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From? |
| title_fullStr | Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From? |
| title_short | Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From? |
| title_sort | monkeypox a literature review what is new and where does this concerning virus come from |
| topic | Monkeypox MPX MPXV phylogenesis vaccines therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/9/1894 |
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