Fixed-Bed Studies of Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Chitosan-Coated Carbon Composite
The feasibility of a chitosan-coated coconut-shell (CS) carbon composite for landfill leachate treatment in a fixed-bed study was investigated in terms of COD and NH<sub>3</sub>-N removal. The surface of the composite was characterized using SEM, FT-IR, and XRD to assess any changes befo...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| author | Fatima Batool Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan Ayesha Mohyuddin Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman Abdelkader Anouzla Christia Meidiana Hui Hwang Goh Kit Wayne Chew |
| author_facet | Fatima Batool Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan Ayesha Mohyuddin Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman Abdelkader Anouzla Christia Meidiana Hui Hwang Goh Kit Wayne Chew |
| author_sort | Fatima Batool |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The feasibility of a chitosan-coated coconut-shell (CS) carbon composite for landfill leachate treatment in a fixed-bed study was investigated in terms of COD and NH<sub>3</sub>-N removal. The surface of the composite was characterized using SEM, FT-IR, and XRD to assess any changes before and after column operations. To enhance its cost-effectiveness, the saturated composite was regenerated using NaOH. The results showed that the composite had significantly better removal of both COD and NH<sub>3</sub>-N, as compared to CS and/or chitosan (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05; ANOVA test), respectively. The breakthrough curve obtained from the fixed-bed studies exhibited an ideal “S” shape. The breakthrough points for the adsorbents followed the order of CS at BV 76 < chitosan at 200 BV < composite at BV 305. It was also found that a low flow rate and deeper bed depth of the packed adsorbent were necessary for achieving optimal column operations. The composite achieved 96% regeneration in the first cycle. However, even with the enhanced adsorption of target pollutants by the composite through chitosan coating, the treated effluents still could not meet the required COD and NH<sub>3</sub>-N effluent limits of less than 200 and 5 mg/L, respectively, as mandated by legislation. Nonetheless, the findings suggest that low-cost composites derived from unused resources can be employed as effective adsorbents for wastewater treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:49:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88851df40b6a480282c56986b3b8435b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:49:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-88851df40b6a480282c56986b3b8435b2023-11-18T13:05:34ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-06-011512226310.3390/w15122263Fixed-Bed Studies of Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Chitosan-Coated Carbon CompositeFatima Batool0Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan1Ayesha Mohyuddin2Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman3Abdelkader Anouzla4Christia Meidiana5Hui Hwang Goh6Kit Wayne Chew7Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, PakistanAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor Bahru, MalaysiaDepartment of Process Engineering and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Mohammedia 28830, MoroccoDepartment of Regional and Urban Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, IndonesiaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaSchool of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore 637459, SingaporeThe feasibility of a chitosan-coated coconut-shell (CS) carbon composite for landfill leachate treatment in a fixed-bed study was investigated in terms of COD and NH<sub>3</sub>-N removal. The surface of the composite was characterized using SEM, FT-IR, and XRD to assess any changes before and after column operations. To enhance its cost-effectiveness, the saturated composite was regenerated using NaOH. The results showed that the composite had significantly better removal of both COD and NH<sub>3</sub>-N, as compared to CS and/or chitosan (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05; ANOVA test), respectively. The breakthrough curve obtained from the fixed-bed studies exhibited an ideal “S” shape. The breakthrough points for the adsorbents followed the order of CS at BV 76 < chitosan at 200 BV < composite at BV 305. It was also found that a low flow rate and deeper bed depth of the packed adsorbent were necessary for achieving optimal column operations. The composite achieved 96% regeneration in the first cycle. However, even with the enhanced adsorption of target pollutants by the composite through chitosan coating, the treated effluents still could not meet the required COD and NH<sub>3</sub>-N effluent limits of less than 200 and 5 mg/L, respectively, as mandated by legislation. Nonetheless, the findings suggest that low-cost composites derived from unused resources can be employed as effective adsorbents for wastewater treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/12/2263adsorptiongreenhouse gaslandfill leachatelow-cost adsorbentresource recovery |
| spellingShingle | Fatima Batool Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan Ayesha Mohyuddin Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman Abdelkader Anouzla Christia Meidiana Hui Hwang Goh Kit Wayne Chew Fixed-Bed Studies of Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Chitosan-Coated Carbon Composite Water adsorption greenhouse gas landfill leachate low-cost adsorbent resource recovery |
| title | Fixed-Bed Studies of Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Chitosan-Coated Carbon Composite |
| title_full | Fixed-Bed Studies of Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Chitosan-Coated Carbon Composite |
| title_fullStr | Fixed-Bed Studies of Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Chitosan-Coated Carbon Composite |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fixed-Bed Studies of Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Chitosan-Coated Carbon Composite |
| title_short | Fixed-Bed Studies of Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Chitosan-Coated Carbon Composite |
| title_sort | fixed bed studies of landfill leachate treatment using chitosan coated carbon composite |
| topic | adsorption greenhouse gas landfill leachate low-cost adsorbent resource recovery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/12/2263 |
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