Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Potential Clinical Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Several risk factors including unhealthy lifestyle, genetic background, obesity, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, smoking, age, etc. contribute to the development of coronary atherosclerosis and subsequent...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.768560/full |
| _version_ | 1818896604921331712 |
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| author | Renáta Gáspár Renáta Gáspár Dóra Halmi Dóra Halmi Virág Demján Virág Demján Róbert Berkecz Márton Pipicz Márton Pipicz Tamás Csont Tamás Csont |
| author_facet | Renáta Gáspár Renáta Gáspár Dóra Halmi Dóra Halmi Virág Demján Virág Demján Róbert Berkecz Márton Pipicz Márton Pipicz Tamás Csont Tamás Csont |
| author_sort | Renáta Gáspár |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Several risk factors including unhealthy lifestyle, genetic background, obesity, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, smoking, age, etc. contribute to the development of coronary atherosclerosis and subsequent coronary artery disease. Inflammation plays an important role in coronary artery disease development and progression. Pro-inflammatory signals promote the degradation of tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway resulting in the formation of several immunomodulatory metabolites. An unbalanced kynurenic pathway has been implicated in the pathomechanisms of various diseases including CAD. Significant improvements in detection methods in the last decades may allow simultaneous measurement of multiple metabolites of the kynurenine pathway and such a thorough analysis of the kynurenine pathway may be a valuable tool for risk stratification and determination of CAD prognosis. Nevertheless, imbalance in the activities of different branches of the kynurenine pathway may require careful interpretation. In this review, we aim to summarize clinical evidence supporting a possible use of kynurenine pathway metabolites as clinical biomarkers in various manifestations of CAD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T19:02:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88a17a498fb741d7b6fd1166087abe36 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T19:02:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-88a17a498fb741d7b6fd1166087abe362022-12-21T20:09:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-02-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.768560768560Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Potential Clinical Biomarkers in Coronary Artery DiseaseRenáta Gáspár0Renáta Gáspár1Dóra Halmi2Dóra Halmi3Virág Demján4Virág Demján5Róbert Berkecz6Márton Pipicz7Márton Pipicz8Tamás Csont9Tamás Csont10Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Research Group (MEDICS), Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Szeged, HungaryInterdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Szeged, HungaryMetabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Research Group (MEDICS), Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Szeged, HungaryInterdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Szeged, HungaryMetabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Research Group (MEDICS), Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Szeged, HungaryInterdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Szeged, HungaryInstitute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, HungaryMetabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Research Group (MEDICS), Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Szeged, HungaryInterdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Szeged, HungaryMetabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Research Group (MEDICS), Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Szeged, HungaryInterdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Szeged, HungaryCoronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Several risk factors including unhealthy lifestyle, genetic background, obesity, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, smoking, age, etc. contribute to the development of coronary atherosclerosis and subsequent coronary artery disease. Inflammation plays an important role in coronary artery disease development and progression. Pro-inflammatory signals promote the degradation of tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway resulting in the formation of several immunomodulatory metabolites. An unbalanced kynurenic pathway has been implicated in the pathomechanisms of various diseases including CAD. Significant improvements in detection methods in the last decades may allow simultaneous measurement of multiple metabolites of the kynurenine pathway and such a thorough analysis of the kynurenine pathway may be a valuable tool for risk stratification and determination of CAD prognosis. Nevertheless, imbalance in the activities of different branches of the kynurenine pathway may require careful interpretation. In this review, we aim to summarize clinical evidence supporting a possible use of kynurenine pathway metabolites as clinical biomarkers in various manifestations of CAD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.768560/fulltryptophankynurenic acidpersonalized medicineischemic heart diseaseliquid chromatographymass spectrometry |
| spellingShingle | Renáta Gáspár Renáta Gáspár Dóra Halmi Dóra Halmi Virág Demján Virág Demján Róbert Berkecz Márton Pipicz Márton Pipicz Tamás Csont Tamás Csont Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Potential Clinical Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease Frontiers in Immunology tryptophan kynurenic acid personalized medicine ischemic heart disease liquid chromatography mass spectrometry |
| title | Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Potential Clinical Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_full | Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Potential Clinical Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_fullStr | Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Potential Clinical Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Potential Clinical Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_short | Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Potential Clinical Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_sort | kynurenine pathway metabolites as potential clinical biomarkers in coronary artery disease |
| topic | tryptophan kynurenic acid personalized medicine ischemic heart disease liquid chromatography mass spectrometry |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.768560/full |
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