Two-Layer Reversible Data Hiding for VQ-Compressed Images Based on De-Clustering and Indicator-Free Search-Order Coding
During transmission of digital images, secret messages can be embedded using data hiding techniques. Such techniques can transfer private secrets without drawing the attention of eavesdroppers. To reduce the amount of transmitted data, image compression methods are widely applied. Hiding secret data...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Future Internet |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/8/215 |
| _version_ | 1797523777330872320 |
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| author | Chin-Chen Chang Jui-Feng Chang Wei-Jiun Kao Ji-Hwei Horng |
| author_facet | Chin-Chen Chang Jui-Feng Chang Wei-Jiun Kao Ji-Hwei Horng |
| author_sort | Chin-Chen Chang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During transmission of digital images, secret messages can be embedded using data hiding techniques. Such techniques can transfer private secrets without drawing the attention of eavesdroppers. To reduce the amount of transmitted data, image compression methods are widely applied. Hiding secret data in compressed images is a hot issue recently. In this paper, we apply the de-clustering concept and the indicator-free search-order coding (IFSOC) technique to hide information into vector quantization (VQ) compressed images. Experimental results show that the proposed two-layer reversible data hiding scheme for IFSOC-encoded VQ index table can hide a large amount of secret data among state-of-the-art methods with a relatively lower bit rate and high security. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:47:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88a44a613de94bacb235f90550f8dbe4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-5903 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:47:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Future Internet |
| spelling | doaj.art-88a44a613de94bacb235f90550f8dbe42023-11-22T07:44:30ZengMDPI AGFuture Internet1999-59032021-08-0113821510.3390/fi13080215Two-Layer Reversible Data Hiding for VQ-Compressed Images Based on De-Clustering and Indicator-Free Search-Order CodingChin-Chen Chang0Jui-Feng Chang1Wei-Jiun Kao2Ji-Hwei Horng3Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, TaiwanDepartment of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, TaiwanDepartment of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, TaiwanDepartment of Electronic Engineering, National Quemoy University, Kinmen 89250, TaiwanDuring transmission of digital images, secret messages can be embedded using data hiding techniques. Such techniques can transfer private secrets without drawing the attention of eavesdroppers. To reduce the amount of transmitted data, image compression methods are widely applied. Hiding secret data in compressed images is a hot issue recently. In this paper, we apply the de-clustering concept and the indicator-free search-order coding (IFSOC) technique to hide information into vector quantization (VQ) compressed images. Experimental results show that the proposed two-layer reversible data hiding scheme for IFSOC-encoded VQ index table can hide a large amount of secret data among state-of-the-art methods with a relatively lower bit rate and high security.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/8/215data hidingVQ compressionde-clusteringindicator-free search-order coding (IFSOC) |
| spellingShingle | Chin-Chen Chang Jui-Feng Chang Wei-Jiun Kao Ji-Hwei Horng Two-Layer Reversible Data Hiding for VQ-Compressed Images Based on De-Clustering and Indicator-Free Search-Order Coding Future Internet data hiding VQ compression de-clustering indicator-free search-order coding (IFSOC) |
| title | Two-Layer Reversible Data Hiding for VQ-Compressed Images Based on De-Clustering and Indicator-Free Search-Order Coding |
| title_full | Two-Layer Reversible Data Hiding for VQ-Compressed Images Based on De-Clustering and Indicator-Free Search-Order Coding |
| title_fullStr | Two-Layer Reversible Data Hiding for VQ-Compressed Images Based on De-Clustering and Indicator-Free Search-Order Coding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Two-Layer Reversible Data Hiding for VQ-Compressed Images Based on De-Clustering and Indicator-Free Search-Order Coding |
| title_short | Two-Layer Reversible Data Hiding for VQ-Compressed Images Based on De-Clustering and Indicator-Free Search-Order Coding |
| title_sort | two layer reversible data hiding for vq compressed images based on de clustering and indicator free search order coding |
| topic | data hiding VQ compression de-clustering indicator-free search-order coding (IFSOC) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/8/215 |
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