Heat and Mass Transfer by Vapour in Freezing Soils
Vapour mass transfer is often underestimated when designing the bases for structures in frost susceptible soils. Intensive and long-term vapour transport may lead to excessive frost heaving and associated issues. A vapour transport model and the algorithm of its calculation is presented in this stud...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/4/1515 |
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| author | Assel Sarsembayeva Askar Zhussupbekov Philip E. F. Collins |
| author_facet | Assel Sarsembayeva Askar Zhussupbekov Philip E. F. Collins |
| author_sort | Assel Sarsembayeva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vapour mass transfer is often underestimated when designing the bases for structures in frost susceptible soils. Intensive and long-term vapour transport may lead to excessive frost heaving and associated issues. A vapour transport model and the algorithm of its calculation is presented in this study based on the results of experimental freeze–thaw cycles of nine soil samples with varied density. The temperature field distribution, air voids volume and the energy comprising latent heat for the phase transition and heat extracted during the temperature drop are the main parameters for determining the vapour velocity and the amount of ice formed. According to the results, the average speed of vapour transport in frozen soils was about 0.4 m/h. The amount of ice built in 1 h during uniaxial freezing due to the saturated vapour pressure difference was 1.64 × 10<sup>−5</sup>–3.6 × 10<sup>−</sup>⁵ g/h in loose samples and 1.41 × 10<sup>−</sup>⁶ g/h to 5.61 × 10<sup>−</sup>⁷ g/h in dense samples of 10 cm diameter and 10 cm high sections. The results show that vapour mass transfer can increase the risk of ice growth and related problems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:03:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88b0f1d4aaf14ddaa0c8ed5e30cffe2e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:03:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-88b0f1d4aaf14ddaa0c8ed5e30cffe2e2023-11-23T19:45:22ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-02-01154151510.3390/en15041515Heat and Mass Transfer by Vapour in Freezing SoilsAssel Sarsembayeva0Askar Zhussupbekov1Philip E. F. Collins2Department of Structural Engineering, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur Sultan 010008, KazakhstanDepartment of Structural Engineering, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur Sultan 010008, KazakhstanDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Design & Physical Sciences, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UKVapour mass transfer is often underestimated when designing the bases for structures in frost susceptible soils. Intensive and long-term vapour transport may lead to excessive frost heaving and associated issues. A vapour transport model and the algorithm of its calculation is presented in this study based on the results of experimental freeze–thaw cycles of nine soil samples with varied density. The temperature field distribution, air voids volume and the energy comprising latent heat for the phase transition and heat extracted during the temperature drop are the main parameters for determining the vapour velocity and the amount of ice formed. According to the results, the average speed of vapour transport in frozen soils was about 0.4 m/h. The amount of ice built in 1 h during uniaxial freezing due to the saturated vapour pressure difference was 1.64 × 10<sup>−5</sup>–3.6 × 10<sup>−</sup>⁵ g/h in loose samples and 1.41 × 10<sup>−</sup>⁶ g/h to 5.61 × 10<sup>−</sup>⁷ g/h in dense samples of 10 cm diameter and 10 cm high sections. The results show that vapour mass transfer can increase the risk of ice growth and related problems.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/4/1515freezing soilsfrost heavevapour transfercryosuction forcesice lens formation |
| spellingShingle | Assel Sarsembayeva Askar Zhussupbekov Philip E. F. Collins Heat and Mass Transfer by Vapour in Freezing Soils Energies freezing soils frost heave vapour transfer cryosuction forces ice lens formation |
| title | Heat and Mass Transfer by Vapour in Freezing Soils |
| title_full | Heat and Mass Transfer by Vapour in Freezing Soils |
| title_fullStr | Heat and Mass Transfer by Vapour in Freezing Soils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heat and Mass Transfer by Vapour in Freezing Soils |
| title_short | Heat and Mass Transfer by Vapour in Freezing Soils |
| title_sort | heat and mass transfer by vapour in freezing soils |
| topic | freezing soils frost heave vapour transfer cryosuction forces ice lens formation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/4/1515 |
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