Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin deficiency, generally resulting from progressive autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. While the phenomenon of beta cell autoimmunity continues to be an active area of investigation, recent evidence sug...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/12/1681 |
| _version_ | 1827699988189151232 |
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| author | Gabriel Brawerman Peter J. Thompson |
| author_facet | Gabriel Brawerman Peter J. Thompson |
| author_sort | Gabriel Brawerman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin deficiency, generally resulting from progressive autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. While the phenomenon of beta cell autoimmunity continues to be an active area of investigation, recent evidence suggests that beta cell stress responses are also important contributors to disease onset. Here we review the pathways driving different kinds of beta cell dysfunction and their respective therapeutic targets in the prevention of T1D. We discuss opportunities and important open questions around the effectiveness of beta cell therapies and challenges for clinical utility. We further evaluate ways in which beta cell drug therapy could be combined with immunotherapy for preventing T1D in light of our growing appreciation of disease heterogeneity and patient endotypes. Ultimately, the emergence of pharmacologic beta cell therapies for T1D have armed us with new tools and closing the knowledge gaps in T1D etiology will be essential for maximizing the potential of these approaches. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:02:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88cc7942e6bb4a3784d3b999e8986406 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:02:11Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-88cc7942e6bb4a3784d3b999e89864062023-11-21T01:01:01ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2020-12-011012168110.3390/biom10121681Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to BedsideGabriel Brawerman0Peter J. Thompson1Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, CanadaDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, CanadaType 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin deficiency, generally resulting from progressive autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. While the phenomenon of beta cell autoimmunity continues to be an active area of investigation, recent evidence suggests that beta cell stress responses are also important contributors to disease onset. Here we review the pathways driving different kinds of beta cell dysfunction and their respective therapeutic targets in the prevention of T1D. We discuss opportunities and important open questions around the effectiveness of beta cell therapies and challenges for clinical utility. We further evaluate ways in which beta cell drug therapy could be combined with immunotherapy for preventing T1D in light of our growing appreciation of disease heterogeneity and patient endotypes. Ultimately, the emergence of pharmacologic beta cell therapies for T1D have armed us with new tools and closing the knowledge gaps in T1D etiology will be essential for maximizing the potential of these approaches.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/12/1681pancreatic beta cellstype 1 diabetesapoptosissenescenceimmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Gabriel Brawerman Peter J. Thompson Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside Biomolecules pancreatic beta cells type 1 diabetes apoptosis senescence immunotherapy |
| title | Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside |
| title_full | Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside |
| title_fullStr | Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside |
| title_short | Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside |
| title_sort | beta cell therapies for preventing type 1 diabetes from bench to bedside |
| topic | pancreatic beta cells type 1 diabetes apoptosis senescence immunotherapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/12/1681 |
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