Influence of Temperature during Freeze-Drying Process on the Viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68S
Maintaining optimum temperature during freeze-drying is crucial to ensuring the viability of strains. In this study, we evaluated the effect of pre-freezing, sublimation and desorption temperatures on the viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68S (BB68S). Moreover, we examined the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/1/181 |
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| author | Yue Sang Jian Wang Yongxiang Zhang Haina Gao Shaoyang Ge Haihong Feng Yan Zhang Fazheng Ren Pengcheng Wen Ran Wang |
| author_facet | Yue Sang Jian Wang Yongxiang Zhang Haina Gao Shaoyang Ge Haihong Feng Yan Zhang Fazheng Ren Pengcheng Wen Ran Wang |
| author_sort | Yue Sang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Maintaining optimum temperature during freeze-drying is crucial to ensuring the viability of strains. In this study, we evaluated the effect of pre-freezing, sublimation and desorption temperatures on the viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68S (BB68S). Moreover, we examined the water content, water activity, enzyme activities, and scanning electron microscope of BB68S to explore mechanisms underpinning the effect of temperature on viability. Our analyses revealed the highest survival rates of BB68S collected after pre-freezing and sublimation drying at −40 °C (94.9 ± 2.2%) and −10 °C (65.4 ± 3.8%), respectively. Additionally, response surface methodology demonstrated that the optimum conditions for freeze-drying of BB68S were pre-freezing temperature at −45.52 °C and sublimation temperature at −6.58 °C, and the verification test showed that survival rates of BB68S could reach 69.2 ± 3.8%. Most of the vitality loss occurred during the sublimation drying phase. Further studies showed that different sublimation temperatures affected water content and activity, β-galactosidase, lactate dehydrogenase, Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATP and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Mg<sup>2+</sup>-ATP activities. In conclusion, the temperature during freeze-drying, especially sublimation temperature, is a key factor affecting the survival rate of BB68S, and the vitality loss during freeze-drying process might be due to compromised cell membrane integrity and permeability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:38:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88cef6d50bd449ca99464822f2b64a92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:38:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-88cef6d50bd449ca99464822f2b64a922023-11-30T23:37:36ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-01-0111118110.3390/microorganisms11010181Influence of Temperature during Freeze-Drying Process on the Viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68SYue Sang0Jian Wang1Yongxiang Zhang2Haina Gao3Shaoyang Ge4Haihong Feng5Yan Zhang6Fazheng Ren7Pengcheng Wen8Ran Wang9College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaSchool of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaHebei Engineering Research Center of Animal Product, Sanhe 065200, ChinaKey Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaMaintaining optimum temperature during freeze-drying is crucial to ensuring the viability of strains. In this study, we evaluated the effect of pre-freezing, sublimation and desorption temperatures on the viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68S (BB68S). Moreover, we examined the water content, water activity, enzyme activities, and scanning electron microscope of BB68S to explore mechanisms underpinning the effect of temperature on viability. Our analyses revealed the highest survival rates of BB68S collected after pre-freezing and sublimation drying at −40 °C (94.9 ± 2.2%) and −10 °C (65.4 ± 3.8%), respectively. Additionally, response surface methodology demonstrated that the optimum conditions for freeze-drying of BB68S were pre-freezing temperature at −45.52 °C and sublimation temperature at −6.58 °C, and the verification test showed that survival rates of BB68S could reach 69.2 ± 3.8%. Most of the vitality loss occurred during the sublimation drying phase. Further studies showed that different sublimation temperatures affected water content and activity, β-galactosidase, lactate dehydrogenase, Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATP and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Mg<sup>2+</sup>-ATP activities. In conclusion, the temperature during freeze-drying, especially sublimation temperature, is a key factor affecting the survival rate of BB68S, and the vitality loss during freeze-drying process might be due to compromised cell membrane integrity and permeability.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/1/181freeze-dryingpre-freezing temperaturesublimation temperature<i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> |
| spellingShingle | Yue Sang Jian Wang Yongxiang Zhang Haina Gao Shaoyang Ge Haihong Feng Yan Zhang Fazheng Ren Pengcheng Wen Ran Wang Influence of Temperature during Freeze-Drying Process on the Viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68S Microorganisms freeze-drying pre-freezing temperature sublimation temperature <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> |
| title | Influence of Temperature during Freeze-Drying Process on the Viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68S |
| title_full | Influence of Temperature during Freeze-Drying Process on the Viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68S |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Temperature during Freeze-Drying Process on the Viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68S |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Temperature during Freeze-Drying Process on the Viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68S |
| title_short | Influence of Temperature during Freeze-Drying Process on the Viability of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB68S |
| title_sort | influence of temperature during freeze drying process on the viability of i bifidobacterium longum i bb68s |
| topic | freeze-drying pre-freezing temperature sublimation temperature <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/1/181 |
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