Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites from Basalt- and Kevlar-Woven Fabrics: Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Thermomechanical Performance
Current research deals with thermoplastic polyamide (PA6)-based composites reinforced with basalt and Kevlar fabrics. Hybrid composites were developed by altering the stacking sequence of basalt and two kinds of Kevlar fabrics. Pure-basalt- and pure-Kevlar-based samples were also developed for compa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1744 |
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| author | Hafsa Jamshaid Rajesh Kumar Mishra Vijay Chandan Shabnam Nazari Muhammad Shoaib Laurent Bizet Petr Jirku Miroslav Muller Rostislav Choteborsky |
| author_facet | Hafsa Jamshaid Rajesh Kumar Mishra Vijay Chandan Shabnam Nazari Muhammad Shoaib Laurent Bizet Petr Jirku Miroslav Muller Rostislav Choteborsky |
| author_sort | Hafsa Jamshaid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Current research deals with thermoplastic polyamide (PA6)-based composites reinforced with basalt and Kevlar fabrics. Hybrid composites were developed by altering the stacking sequence of basalt and two kinds of Kevlar fabrics. Pure-basalt- and pure-Kevlar-based samples were also developed for comparison purposes. The developed samples were evaluated with respect to mechanical and thermomechanical properties. Mechanical tests, e.g., tensile, flexural, and impact strength, were conducted along with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to ascertain the load-bearing and high-temperature stability of the hybrid composite samples vis-à-vis pure-basalt- and Kevlar-based samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out to study the nature of fracture and failure of the composite samples. The pure-basalt-based PA6 thermoplastic composites exhibited the best mechanical performance. Hybridization with basalt proved to be beneficial for improving the mechanical performance of the composites using Kevlar fabrics. However, a proper stacking sequence and density of Kevlar fabric has to be selected. The thermogravimetric analysis showed minimal weight loss for basalt-based composites. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the composites using Kevlar fabric was improved by hybridization with basalt fabric. The thermomechanical characteristics of hybrid composites may be altered by changing the stacking order of the reinforcements. Differential scanning calorimetry further established that the hybrid composites with alternate layers of basalt and Kevlar can improve the heat flow rate and enable survivability at extreme temperatures. Such novel hybrid composites can be used for high-load-bearing and high-temperature applications, e.g., defense, aerospace, automotives, and energy applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:26:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88cf1ac5feb144cd8dd84000e32ca964 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:26:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-88cf1ac5feb144cd8dd84000e32ca9642023-11-17T17:26:56ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-03-01157174410.3390/polym15071744Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites from Basalt- and Kevlar-Woven Fabrics: Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Thermomechanical PerformanceHafsa Jamshaid0Rajesh Kumar Mishra1Vijay Chandan2Shabnam Nazari3Muhammad Shoaib4Laurent Bizet5Petr Jirku6Miroslav Muller7Rostislav Choteborsky8School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, PakistanDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Sustainable Technologies, Faculty of Tropical Agriscience, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech RepublicSchool of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, PakistanDepartment of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Normandie Université, UNIHAVRE, LOMC, CNRS UMR 6294, 76610 Le Havre, FranceDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech RepublicCurrent research deals with thermoplastic polyamide (PA6)-based composites reinforced with basalt and Kevlar fabrics. Hybrid composites were developed by altering the stacking sequence of basalt and two kinds of Kevlar fabrics. Pure-basalt- and pure-Kevlar-based samples were also developed for comparison purposes. The developed samples were evaluated with respect to mechanical and thermomechanical properties. Mechanical tests, e.g., tensile, flexural, and impact strength, were conducted along with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to ascertain the load-bearing and high-temperature stability of the hybrid composite samples vis-à-vis pure-basalt- and Kevlar-based samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out to study the nature of fracture and failure of the composite samples. The pure-basalt-based PA6 thermoplastic composites exhibited the best mechanical performance. Hybridization with basalt proved to be beneficial for improving the mechanical performance of the composites using Kevlar fabrics. However, a proper stacking sequence and density of Kevlar fabric has to be selected. The thermogravimetric analysis showed minimal weight loss for basalt-based composites. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the composites using Kevlar fabric was improved by hybridization with basalt fabric. The thermomechanical characteristics of hybrid composites may be altered by changing the stacking order of the reinforcements. Differential scanning calorimetry further established that the hybrid composites with alternate layers of basalt and Kevlar can improve the heat flow rate and enable survivability at extreme temperatures. Such novel hybrid composites can be used for high-load-bearing and high-temperature applications, e.g., defense, aerospace, automotives, and energy applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1744basaltKevlarhybrid compositethermoplasticmechanical testthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) |
| spellingShingle | Hafsa Jamshaid Rajesh Kumar Mishra Vijay Chandan Shabnam Nazari Muhammad Shoaib Laurent Bizet Petr Jirku Miroslav Muller Rostislav Choteborsky Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites from Basalt- and Kevlar-Woven Fabrics: Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Thermomechanical Performance Polymers basalt Kevlar hybrid composite thermoplastic mechanical test thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) |
| title | Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites from Basalt- and Kevlar-Woven Fabrics: Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Thermomechanical Performance |
| title_full | Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites from Basalt- and Kevlar-Woven Fabrics: Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Thermomechanical Performance |
| title_fullStr | Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites from Basalt- and Kevlar-Woven Fabrics: Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Thermomechanical Performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites from Basalt- and Kevlar-Woven Fabrics: Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Thermomechanical Performance |
| title_short | Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites from Basalt- and Kevlar-Woven Fabrics: Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Thermomechanical Performance |
| title_sort | hybrid thermoplastic composites from basalt and kevlar woven fabrics comparative analysis of mechanical and thermomechanical performance |
| topic | basalt Kevlar hybrid composite thermoplastic mechanical test thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1744 |
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