Disease control by chemical and biological fungicides in cultivated mushrooms: button mushroom, oyster mushroom and shiitake
The most commonly cultivated basidiomycetes worldwide and in Serbia are button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp.) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes). Production of their fruiting bodies is severely afflicted by fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens that are able to cause...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection
2015-12-01
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| Series: | Pesticidi i Fitomedicina |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.pesting.org.rs/media/casopis/2015/no.4/30-4_201-208.pdf |
| Summary: | The most commonly
cultivated basidiomycetes worldwide and in Serbia are button
mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp.) and shiitake (Lentinus
edodes). Production of their fruiting bodies is severely afflicted
by fungal, bacterial, and viral
pathogens that are able to cause diseases which affect yield and quality. Major A. bisporus
fungal pathogens include Mycogone perniciosa, Lecanicillium fungicola, and Cladobotryum
spp., the causal agents of dry bubble, wet bubble, and cobweb disease, respectively.
Various Trichoderma species, the causal agents of green mould, also affect all three kinds
of edible mushrooms. Over the past two decades, green mould caused by T. aggressivum
has been the most serious disease of button mushroom. Oyster mushroom is susceptible
to T. pleurotum and shiitake to T. harzianum. The bacterial brawn blotch disease, caused
by Pseudomonas tolaasii, is distributed globally. Disease control on mushroom farms
worldwide is commonly based on the use of fungicides. However, evolution of pathogen
resistance to fungicides after frequent application,
and host sensitivity
to fungicides
are serious problems. Only a few fungicides are officially recommended in mushroom
production: chlorothalonil and thiabendazol in North America and prochloraz in the
EU and some other countries. Even though decreased sensitivity levels of L. fungicola
and Cladobotryum mycophilum to prochloraz have been detected, disease control is
still mainly provided by that chemical fungicide. Considering such resistance evolution,
harmful impact to the environment and human health, special attention should be
focused on biofungicides, both microbiological products based on Bacillus species
and various natural substances of biological origin, together with good programs of
hygiene. Introduction of biofungicides has created new possibilities for crop protection
with reduced application of chemicals. |
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| ISSN: | 1820-3949 1820-3949 |