High-contrast Imaging around a 2 Myr-old CI Tau with a Close-in Gas Giant
Giant planets around young stars serve as a clue to unveiling their formation history and orbital evolution. CI Tau is a 2 Myr-old classical T Tauri star hosting an eccentric hot Jupiter, CI Tau b. The standard formation scenario of a hot Jupiter predicts that planets formed further out and migrated...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2022-01-01
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| Series: | The Astronomical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac9fd1 |
| _version_ | 1797701265463967744 |
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| author | Toshinori Shimizu Taichi Uyama Yasunori Hori Motohide Tamura Nicole Wallack |
| author_facet | Toshinori Shimizu Taichi Uyama Yasunori Hori Motohide Tamura Nicole Wallack |
| author_sort | Toshinori Shimizu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Giant planets around young stars serve as a clue to unveiling their formation history and orbital evolution. CI Tau is a 2 Myr-old classical T Tauri star hosting an eccentric hot Jupiter, CI Tau b. The standard formation scenario of a hot Jupiter predicts that planets formed further out and migrated inward. A high eccentricity of CI Tau b may be suggestive of high- e migration due to secular gravitational perturbations by an outer companion. Also, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array 1.3 mm-continuum observations show that CI Tau has at least three annular gaps in which unseen planets may exist. We present high-contrast imaging around CI Tau taken from the Keck/NIRC2 ${L}^{{\prime} }$ -band filter and vortex coronagraph that allows us to search for an outer companion. We did not detect any outer companion around CI Tau from angular differential imaging (ADI) using two deep imaging data sets. The detection limits from ADI-reduced images rule out the existence of an outer companion beyond ∼30 au that can cause the Kozai–Lidov migration of CI Tau b. Our results suggest that CI Tau b may have experienced type II migration from ≲2 au in megayears. We also confirm that no planets with ≥2–4 M _Jup are hidden in two outer gaps. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:33:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88d1484f39f74645962f1b4d1c8e8c4f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-3881 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:33:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astronomical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-88d1484f39f74645962f1b4d1c8e8c4f2023-09-03T09:58:18ZengIOP PublishingThe Astronomical Journal1538-38812022-01-0116512010.3847/1538-3881/ac9fd1High-contrast Imaging around a 2 Myr-old CI Tau with a Close-in Gas GiantToshinori Shimizu0Taichi Uyama1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6879-3030Yasunori Hori2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4676-0251Motohide Tamura3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-0681Nicole Wallack4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0354-0187Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan shimizu-toshinori77@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jpInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Astrobiology Center , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanDepartment of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan shimizu-toshinori77@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Astrobiology Center , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanEarth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , Washington, DC 20015, USA; Division of Geological & Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , MC 150-21, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAGiant planets around young stars serve as a clue to unveiling their formation history and orbital evolution. CI Tau is a 2 Myr-old classical T Tauri star hosting an eccentric hot Jupiter, CI Tau b. The standard formation scenario of a hot Jupiter predicts that planets formed further out and migrated inward. A high eccentricity of CI Tau b may be suggestive of high- e migration due to secular gravitational perturbations by an outer companion. Also, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array 1.3 mm-continuum observations show that CI Tau has at least three annular gaps in which unseen planets may exist. We present high-contrast imaging around CI Tau taken from the Keck/NIRC2 ${L}^{{\prime} }$ -band filter and vortex coronagraph that allows us to search for an outer companion. We did not detect any outer companion around CI Tau from angular differential imaging (ADI) using two deep imaging data sets. The detection limits from ADI-reduced images rule out the existence of an outer companion beyond ∼30 au that can cause the Kozai–Lidov migration of CI Tau b. Our results suggest that CI Tau b may have experienced type II migration from ≲2 au in megayears. We also confirm that no planets with ≥2–4 M _Jup are hidden in two outer gaps.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac9fd1Direct imagingPlanet formationProtoplanetary disksPlanetary migration |
| spellingShingle | Toshinori Shimizu Taichi Uyama Yasunori Hori Motohide Tamura Nicole Wallack High-contrast Imaging around a 2 Myr-old CI Tau with a Close-in Gas Giant The Astronomical Journal Direct imaging Planet formation Protoplanetary disks Planetary migration |
| title | High-contrast Imaging around a 2 Myr-old CI Tau with a Close-in Gas Giant |
| title_full | High-contrast Imaging around a 2 Myr-old CI Tau with a Close-in Gas Giant |
| title_fullStr | High-contrast Imaging around a 2 Myr-old CI Tau with a Close-in Gas Giant |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-contrast Imaging around a 2 Myr-old CI Tau with a Close-in Gas Giant |
| title_short | High-contrast Imaging around a 2 Myr-old CI Tau with a Close-in Gas Giant |
| title_sort | high contrast imaging around a 2 myr old ci tau with a close in gas giant |
| topic | Direct imaging Planet formation Protoplanetary disks Planetary migration |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac9fd1 |
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