Canavanine-Induced Decrease in Nitric Oxide Synthesis Alters Activity of Antioxidant System but Does Not Impact S-Nitrosoglutathione Catabolism in Tomato Roots
Canavanine (CAN) is a nonproteinogenic amino acid synthesized in legumes. In mammalians, as arginine analogue, it is an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of CAN-induced nitric oxide level limitation on the antioxidant system and S-...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01077/full |
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| author | Pawel Staszek Urszula Krasuska Katarzyna Otulak-Kozieł Joerg Fettke Agnieszka Gniazdowska |
| author_facet | Pawel Staszek Urszula Krasuska Katarzyna Otulak-Kozieł Joerg Fettke Agnieszka Gniazdowska |
| author_sort | Pawel Staszek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Canavanine (CAN) is a nonproteinogenic amino acid synthesized in legumes. In mammalians, as arginine analogue, it is an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of CAN-induced nitric oxide level limitation on the antioxidant system and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) metabolism in roots of tomato seedlings. Treatment with CAN (10 or 50 µM) for 24–72 h led to restriction in root growth. Arginine-dependent NOS-like activity was almost completely inhibited, demonstrating direct effect of CAN action. CAN increased total antioxidant capacity and the level of sulphydryl groups. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased in CAN exposed roots. CAN supplementation resulted in the decrease of transcript levels of genes coding CAT (with the exception of CAT1). Genes coding SOD (except MnSOD and CuSOD) were upregulated by CAN short treatment; prolonged exposition to 50-µM CAN resulted in downregulation of FeSOD, CuSOD, and SODP-2. Activity of glutathione reductase dropped down after short-term (10-µM CAN) supplementation, while glutathione peroxidase activity was not affected. Transcript levels of glutathione reductase genes declined in response to CAN. Genes coding glutathione peroxidase were upregulated by 50-µM CAN, while 10-µM CAN downregulated GSHPx1. Inhibition of NOS-like activity by CAN resulted in lower GSNO accumulation in root tips. Activity of GSNO reductase was decreased by short-term supplementation with CAN. In contrast, GSNO reductase protein abundance was higher, while transcript levels were slightly altered in roots exposed to CAN. This is the first report on identification of differentially nitrated proteins in response to supplementation with nonproteinogenic amino acid. Among nitrated proteins differentially modified by CAN, seed storage proteins (after short-term CAN treatment) and components of the cellular redox system (after prolonged CAN supplementation) were identified. The findings demonstrate that due to inhibition of NOS-like activity, CAN leads to modification in antioxidant system. Limitation in GSNO level is due to lower nitric oxide formation, while GSNO catabolism is less affected. We demonstrated that monodehydroascorbate reductase, activity of which is inhibited in roots of CAN-treated plants, is the protein preferentially modified by tyrosine nitration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T14:21:22Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T14:21:22Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-88fc24b263564ca49f3722cadff249b62022-12-21T23:42:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2019-09-011010.3389/fpls.2019.01077469704Canavanine-Induced Decrease in Nitric Oxide Synthesis Alters Activity of Antioxidant System but Does Not Impact S-Nitrosoglutathione Catabolism in Tomato RootsPawel Staszek0Urszula Krasuska1Katarzyna Otulak-Kozieł2Joerg Fettke3Agnieszka Gniazdowska4Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Warsaw, PolandBiopolymer Analytics, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm, GermanyDepartment of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Warsaw, PolandCanavanine (CAN) is a nonproteinogenic amino acid synthesized in legumes. In mammalians, as arginine analogue, it is an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of CAN-induced nitric oxide level limitation on the antioxidant system and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) metabolism in roots of tomato seedlings. Treatment with CAN (10 or 50 µM) for 24–72 h led to restriction in root growth. Arginine-dependent NOS-like activity was almost completely inhibited, demonstrating direct effect of CAN action. CAN increased total antioxidant capacity and the level of sulphydryl groups. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased in CAN exposed roots. CAN supplementation resulted in the decrease of transcript levels of genes coding CAT (with the exception of CAT1). Genes coding SOD (except MnSOD and CuSOD) were upregulated by CAN short treatment; prolonged exposition to 50-µM CAN resulted in downregulation of FeSOD, CuSOD, and SODP-2. Activity of glutathione reductase dropped down after short-term (10-µM CAN) supplementation, while glutathione peroxidase activity was not affected. Transcript levels of glutathione reductase genes declined in response to CAN. Genes coding glutathione peroxidase were upregulated by 50-µM CAN, while 10-µM CAN downregulated GSHPx1. Inhibition of NOS-like activity by CAN resulted in lower GSNO accumulation in root tips. Activity of GSNO reductase was decreased by short-term supplementation with CAN. In contrast, GSNO reductase protein abundance was higher, while transcript levels were slightly altered in roots exposed to CAN. This is the first report on identification of differentially nitrated proteins in response to supplementation with nonproteinogenic amino acid. Among nitrated proteins differentially modified by CAN, seed storage proteins (after short-term CAN treatment) and components of the cellular redox system (after prolonged CAN supplementation) were identified. The findings demonstrate that due to inhibition of NOS-like activity, CAN leads to modification in antioxidant system. Limitation in GSNO level is due to lower nitric oxide formation, while GSNO catabolism is less affected. We demonstrated that monodehydroascorbate reductase, activity of which is inhibited in roots of CAN-treated plants, is the protein preferentially modified by tyrosine nitration.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01077/fullcanavaninecellular antioxidant systemGSNOR—GSNO reductasenitrated proteinsnitric oxide—NOnonproteinogenic amino acid |
| spellingShingle | Pawel Staszek Urszula Krasuska Katarzyna Otulak-Kozieł Joerg Fettke Agnieszka Gniazdowska Canavanine-Induced Decrease in Nitric Oxide Synthesis Alters Activity of Antioxidant System but Does Not Impact S-Nitrosoglutathione Catabolism in Tomato Roots Frontiers in Plant Science canavanine cellular antioxidant system GSNOR—GSNO reductase nitrated proteins nitric oxide—NO nonproteinogenic amino acid |
| title | Canavanine-Induced Decrease in Nitric Oxide Synthesis Alters Activity of Antioxidant System but Does Not Impact S-Nitrosoglutathione Catabolism in Tomato Roots |
| title_full | Canavanine-Induced Decrease in Nitric Oxide Synthesis Alters Activity of Antioxidant System but Does Not Impact S-Nitrosoglutathione Catabolism in Tomato Roots |
| title_fullStr | Canavanine-Induced Decrease in Nitric Oxide Synthesis Alters Activity of Antioxidant System but Does Not Impact S-Nitrosoglutathione Catabolism in Tomato Roots |
| title_full_unstemmed | Canavanine-Induced Decrease in Nitric Oxide Synthesis Alters Activity of Antioxidant System but Does Not Impact S-Nitrosoglutathione Catabolism in Tomato Roots |
| title_short | Canavanine-Induced Decrease in Nitric Oxide Synthesis Alters Activity of Antioxidant System but Does Not Impact S-Nitrosoglutathione Catabolism in Tomato Roots |
| title_sort | canavanine induced decrease in nitric oxide synthesis alters activity of antioxidant system but does not impact s nitrosoglutathione catabolism in tomato roots |
| topic | canavanine cellular antioxidant system GSNOR—GSNO reductase nitrated proteins nitric oxide—NO nonproteinogenic amino acid |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01077/full |
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