Sensory Circumventricular Organs, Neuroendocrine Control, and Metabolic Regulation
The central nervous system is critical in metabolic regulation, and accumulating evidence points to a distributed network of brain regions involved in energy homeostasis. This is accomplished, in part, by integrating peripheral and central metabolic information and subsequently modulating neuroendoc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/8/494 |
| _version_ | 1797522927266037760 |
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| author | Jin Kwon Jeong Samantha A. Dow Colin N. Young |
| author_facet | Jin Kwon Jeong Samantha A. Dow Colin N. Young |
| author_sort | Jin Kwon Jeong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The central nervous system is critical in metabolic regulation, and accumulating evidence points to a distributed network of brain regions involved in energy homeostasis. This is accomplished, in part, by integrating peripheral and central metabolic information and subsequently modulating neuroendocrine outputs through the paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus. However, these hypothalamic nuclei are generally protected by a blood-brain-barrier limiting their ability to directly sense circulating metabolic signals—pointing to possible involvement of upstream brain nuclei. In this regard, sensory circumventricular organs (CVOs), brain sites traditionally recognized in thirst/fluid and cardiovascular regulation, are emerging as potential sites through which circulating metabolic substances influence neuroendocrine control. The sensory CVOs, including the subfornical organ, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, and area postrema, are located outside the blood-brain-barrier, possess cellular machinery to sense the metabolic interior milieu, and establish complex neural networks to hypothalamic neuroendocrine nuclei. Here, evidence for a potential role of sensory CVO-hypothalamic neuroendocrine networks in energy homeostasis is presented. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:36:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88fc5c11e22d4b6dbc7b1286c52e2bf2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:36:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-88fc5c11e22d4b6dbc7b1286c52e2bf22023-11-22T08:39:06ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892021-07-0111849410.3390/metabo11080494Sensory Circumventricular Organs, Neuroendocrine Control, and Metabolic RegulationJin Kwon Jeong0Samantha A. Dow1Colin N. Young2Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC 20037, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC 20037, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC 20037, USAThe central nervous system is critical in metabolic regulation, and accumulating evidence points to a distributed network of brain regions involved in energy homeostasis. This is accomplished, in part, by integrating peripheral and central metabolic information and subsequently modulating neuroendocrine outputs through the paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus. However, these hypothalamic nuclei are generally protected by a blood-brain-barrier limiting their ability to directly sense circulating metabolic signals—pointing to possible involvement of upstream brain nuclei. In this regard, sensory circumventricular organs (CVOs), brain sites traditionally recognized in thirst/fluid and cardiovascular regulation, are emerging as potential sites through which circulating metabolic substances influence neuroendocrine control. The sensory CVOs, including the subfornical organ, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, and area postrema, are located outside the blood-brain-barrier, possess cellular machinery to sense the metabolic interior milieu, and establish complex neural networks to hypothalamic neuroendocrine nuclei. Here, evidence for a potential role of sensory CVO-hypothalamic neuroendocrine networks in energy homeostasis is presented.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/8/494subfornical organorganum vasculosum of the lamina terminalisarea postremahypothalamusmetabolism |
| spellingShingle | Jin Kwon Jeong Samantha A. Dow Colin N. Young Sensory Circumventricular Organs, Neuroendocrine Control, and Metabolic Regulation Metabolites subfornical organ organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis area postrema hypothalamus metabolism |
| title | Sensory Circumventricular Organs, Neuroendocrine Control, and Metabolic Regulation |
| title_full | Sensory Circumventricular Organs, Neuroendocrine Control, and Metabolic Regulation |
| title_fullStr | Sensory Circumventricular Organs, Neuroendocrine Control, and Metabolic Regulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sensory Circumventricular Organs, Neuroendocrine Control, and Metabolic Regulation |
| title_short | Sensory Circumventricular Organs, Neuroendocrine Control, and Metabolic Regulation |
| title_sort | sensory circumventricular organs neuroendocrine control and metabolic regulation |
| topic | subfornical organ organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis area postrema hypothalamus metabolism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/8/494 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jinkwonjeong sensorycircumventricularorgansneuroendocrinecontrolandmetabolicregulation AT samanthaadow sensorycircumventricularorgansneuroendocrinecontrolandmetabolicregulation AT colinnyoung sensorycircumventricularorgansneuroendocrinecontrolandmetabolicregulation |