Use of sequential extraction methods to evaluate the environmental impact of trace metal in the Iraqi coastlines
The geochemical distribution of several trace metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), chrome (Cr), cobalt (Co) and iron (Fe)) was investigated using five sequential extraction procedures to provide information on their distribution and environmental impacts on the Iraqi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of Basrah
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Maǧallaẗ al-baṣraẗ al-ʻulūm al-zirāʻiyyaẗ |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://bjas.bajas.edu.iq/index.php/bjas/article/view/1150 |
| _version_ | 1827395412291485696 |
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| author | Alaa A. Mizhir Wesal F. Hassan Dounia K. K. Al-Khuzie Zuhair A. Abdulnabi |
| author_facet | Alaa A. Mizhir Wesal F. Hassan Dounia K. K. Al-Khuzie Zuhair A. Abdulnabi |
| author_sort | Alaa A. Mizhir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The geochemical distribution of several trace metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), chrome (Cr), cobalt (Co) and iron (Fe)) was investigated using five sequential extraction procedures to provide information on their distribution and environmental impacts on the Iraqi coastal sediments. Sediment samples were collected from 16 sites along the coast to determine the concentrations of the above metals. The concentration and ratios of these metals were estimated in the sediment extract (concentration on the exchange surfaces, carbonates, manganese oxides and iron oxides, organic matter and those associated with the remainder) using extraction methods (magnesium chloride, 1 molar of sodium acetate, 0.5 molar of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, 0.2 molar of ammonium oxalate, concentrated nitric acid and 25% of hydrofluoric acid) to extract and separate the above fractions in order. The results indicated that the total sediment content of Pb and Cd were higher than their rate of occurrence in the crust, while copper, zinc, nickel, chrome, cobalt and iron were within those limits. According to the I-geo the metals Cr, Cu and Zn are considered at unpolluted class while Ni and Pb were ranged from moderately to strongly level. On the other had Cd was found at extremely level as its I-geo exceeded the highest-class value. These metals are bonded to different power bonds. Pb, Cr and Co have dominant in exchangeable and carbonates fraction. Iraqi tidal flats is characterized by very high risk considering Cr, Pb, Co and Cu which represented by RAC values, so they can move to the solution to become available for living.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:32:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-890ff74c8d8a40a0b8c85b2979d053c6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1814-5868 2520-0860 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:32:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | University of Basrah |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Maǧallaẗ al-baṣraẗ al-ʻulūm al-zirāʻiyyaẗ |
| spelling | doaj.art-890ff74c8d8a40a0b8c85b2979d053c62023-12-29T19:50:10ZengUniversity of BasrahMaǧallaẗ al-baṣraẗ al-ʻulūm al-zirāʻiyyaẗ1814-58682520-08602023-12-01362Use of sequential extraction methods to evaluate the environmental impact of trace metal in the Iraqi coastlinesAlaa A. Mizhir0Wesal F. Hassan1Dounia K. K. Al-Khuzie2Zuhair A. Abdulnabi3Department of Applied Sciences, College of Marine Science, University of Basrah, IraqDepartment of Applied Sciences, College of Marine Science, University of Basrah, IraqDepartment of Applied Sciences, College of Marine Science, University of Basrah, IraqDepartment of Marine Environmental Chemistry, Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, IraqThe geochemical distribution of several trace metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), chrome (Cr), cobalt (Co) and iron (Fe)) was investigated using five sequential extraction procedures to provide information on their distribution and environmental impacts on the Iraqi coastal sediments. Sediment samples were collected from 16 sites along the coast to determine the concentrations of the above metals. The concentration and ratios of these metals were estimated in the sediment extract (concentration on the exchange surfaces, carbonates, manganese oxides and iron oxides, organic matter and those associated with the remainder) using extraction methods (magnesium chloride, 1 molar of sodium acetate, 0.5 molar of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, 0.2 molar of ammonium oxalate, concentrated nitric acid and 25% of hydrofluoric acid) to extract and separate the above fractions in order. The results indicated that the total sediment content of Pb and Cd were higher than their rate of occurrence in the crust, while copper, zinc, nickel, chrome, cobalt and iron were within those limits. According to the I-geo the metals Cr, Cu and Zn are considered at unpolluted class while Ni and Pb were ranged from moderately to strongly level. On the other had Cd was found at extremely level as its I-geo exceeded the highest-class value. These metals are bonded to different power bonds. Pb, Cr and Co have dominant in exchangeable and carbonates fraction. Iraqi tidal flats is characterized by very high risk considering Cr, Pb, Co and Cu which represented by RAC values, so they can move to the solution to become available for living. https://bjas.bajas.edu.iq/index.php/bjas/article/view/1150Costal sedimentsGeochemical distributionIraqSequential extractionTrace metal |
| spellingShingle | Alaa A. Mizhir Wesal F. Hassan Dounia K. K. Al-Khuzie Zuhair A. Abdulnabi Use of sequential extraction methods to evaluate the environmental impact of trace metal in the Iraqi coastlines Maǧallaẗ al-baṣraẗ al-ʻulūm al-zirāʻiyyaẗ Costal sediments Geochemical distribution Iraq Sequential extraction Trace metal |
| title | Use of sequential extraction methods to evaluate the environmental impact of trace metal in the Iraqi coastlines |
| title_full | Use of sequential extraction methods to evaluate the environmental impact of trace metal in the Iraqi coastlines |
| title_fullStr | Use of sequential extraction methods to evaluate the environmental impact of trace metal in the Iraqi coastlines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Use of sequential extraction methods to evaluate the environmental impact of trace metal in the Iraqi coastlines |
| title_short | Use of sequential extraction methods to evaluate the environmental impact of trace metal in the Iraqi coastlines |
| title_sort | use of sequential extraction methods to evaluate the environmental impact of trace metal in the iraqi coastlines |
| topic | Costal sediments Geochemical distribution Iraq Sequential extraction Trace metal |
| url | https://bjas.bajas.edu.iq/index.php/bjas/article/view/1150 |
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