Effects of <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of <i>Camellia oleifera</i> under Different Nitrogen Forms
Nitrogen fertilizer increases agricultural yields but increases economic costs and causes a series of environmental problems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have the potential to be used as biological fertilizer. However, the influence of nitrogen form on plant growth responsiveness to AMF inocu...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/3/370 |
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| author | Yuxuan Huang Chuangxin Wang Ziran Ma Linping Zhang Fei Wu |
| author_facet | Yuxuan Huang Chuangxin Wang Ziran Ma Linping Zhang Fei Wu |
| author_sort | Yuxuan Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitrogen fertilizer increases agricultural yields but increases economic costs and causes a series of environmental problems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have the potential to be used as biological fertilizer. However, the influence of nitrogen form on plant growth responsiveness to AMF inoculation is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on growth, root morphology and photosynthetic characteristics of <i>Camellia oleifera</i> under different nitrogen forms during three harvest periods and clarified the most suitable nitrogen form for <i>C. oleifera</i>–AMF symbiosis. The results showed that urea, ammonium and nitrate nitrogen promoted plant growth and photosynthetic capacity, among which urea treatment had the highest value in all three harvests. No significant difference in plant growth parameters was observed between ammonium and nitrate nitrogen treatments in the first two harvests, while the plant height was significantly lower under ammonium nitrogen treatment than nitrate nitrogen treatment in the third harvest. Inoculation with <i>F</i>. <i>mosseae</i> in the presence of indigenous AMF could promote AMF colonization and plant growth at all three harvest times. Inoculation with <i>F</i>. <i>mosseae</i> significantly increased gas exchange parameters, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and the actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII). Inoculation with AMF increased the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) better under urea treatment and improved the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN) better under ammonium nitrogen treatment. Principal component analysis showed that urea is the most beneficial nitrogen fertilizer for <i>C</i>. <i>oleifera</i>–AMF symbiosis. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the combination use of AMF and nitrogen fertilizer in agroforestry. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-8912165f18a24d77b9857f29f0cf843e2024-02-09T15:20:14ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-01-0113337010.3390/plants13030370Effects of <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of <i>Camellia oleifera</i> under Different Nitrogen FormsYuxuan Huang0Chuangxin Wang1Ziran Ma2Linping Zhang3Fei Wu4College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaKey Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaNitrogen fertilizer increases agricultural yields but increases economic costs and causes a series of environmental problems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have the potential to be used as biological fertilizer. However, the influence of nitrogen form on plant growth responsiveness to AMF inoculation is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on growth, root morphology and photosynthetic characteristics of <i>Camellia oleifera</i> under different nitrogen forms during three harvest periods and clarified the most suitable nitrogen form for <i>C. oleifera</i>–AMF symbiosis. The results showed that urea, ammonium and nitrate nitrogen promoted plant growth and photosynthetic capacity, among which urea treatment had the highest value in all three harvests. No significant difference in plant growth parameters was observed between ammonium and nitrate nitrogen treatments in the first two harvests, while the plant height was significantly lower under ammonium nitrogen treatment than nitrate nitrogen treatment in the third harvest. Inoculation with <i>F</i>. <i>mosseae</i> in the presence of indigenous AMF could promote AMF colonization and plant growth at all three harvest times. Inoculation with <i>F</i>. <i>mosseae</i> significantly increased gas exchange parameters, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and the actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII). Inoculation with AMF increased the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) better under urea treatment and improved the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN) better under ammonium nitrogen treatment. Principal component analysis showed that urea is the most beneficial nitrogen fertilizer for <i>C</i>. <i>oleifera</i>–AMF symbiosis. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the combination use of AMF and nitrogen fertilizer in agroforestry.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/3/370arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi<i>Camellia oleifera</i>nitrogen fertilizerphotosynthesis |
| spellingShingle | Yuxuan Huang Chuangxin Wang Ziran Ma Linping Zhang Fei Wu Effects of <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of <i>Camellia oleifera</i> under Different Nitrogen Forms Plants arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi <i>Camellia oleifera</i> nitrogen fertilizer photosynthesis |
| title | Effects of <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of <i>Camellia oleifera</i> under Different Nitrogen Forms |
| title_full | Effects of <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of <i>Camellia oleifera</i> under Different Nitrogen Forms |
| title_fullStr | Effects of <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of <i>Camellia oleifera</i> under Different Nitrogen Forms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of <i>Camellia oleifera</i> under Different Nitrogen Forms |
| title_short | Effects of <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of <i>Camellia oleifera</i> under Different Nitrogen Forms |
| title_sort | effects of i funneliformis mosseae i on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of i camellia oleifera i under different nitrogen forms |
| topic | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi <i>Camellia oleifera</i> nitrogen fertilizer photosynthesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/3/370 |
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