Detection of Apple Valsa Canker Based on Hyperspectral Imaging
Approximately half of the world’s apple production occurs in East Asia, where apple Valsa canker (AVC) is a prominent disease. This disease affects the bark of the tree, ultimately killing it and resulting in significant economic loss. Visual identification of the diseased area of the bark, particul...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/6/1420 |
| _version_ | 1827625957080432640 |
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| author | Junichi Kurihara Toshikazu Yamana |
| author_facet | Junichi Kurihara Toshikazu Yamana |
| author_sort | Junichi Kurihara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Approximately half of the world’s apple production occurs in East Asia, where apple Valsa canker (AVC) is a prominent disease. This disease affects the bark of the tree, ultimately killing it and resulting in significant economic loss. Visual identification of the diseased area of the bark, particularly in the early stages, is extremely difficult. In this study, we conducted hyperspectral imaging of the trunks and branches of AVC-infected apple trees and revealed that the diseased area can be identified in the near-infrared reflectance, even when it is difficult to distinguish visually. A discriminant analysis using the Mahalanobis distance was performed on the normalized difference spectral index (NDSI) obtained from the measured spectral reflectance. A diagnostic model for discriminating between the healthy and diseased areas was created using the threshold value of NDSI. An accuracy assessment of the diagnostic model presented the overall accuracy as >0.94 for the combinations of spectral bands at 660–690 nm and 720–760 nm. This simple diagnostic model can be applied to other tree bark canker diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:45:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89176c8891b64b19983aefc95089c7d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:45:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-89176c8891b64b19983aefc95089c7d52023-11-30T22:12:31ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-03-01146142010.3390/rs14061420Detection of Apple Valsa Canker Based on Hyperspectral ImagingJunichi Kurihara0Toshikazu Yamana1Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, JapanCentral Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, Naganuma 069-1395, JapanApproximately half of the world’s apple production occurs in East Asia, where apple Valsa canker (AVC) is a prominent disease. This disease affects the bark of the tree, ultimately killing it and resulting in significant economic loss. Visual identification of the diseased area of the bark, particularly in the early stages, is extremely difficult. In this study, we conducted hyperspectral imaging of the trunks and branches of AVC-infected apple trees and revealed that the diseased area can be identified in the near-infrared reflectance, even when it is difficult to distinguish visually. A discriminant analysis using the Mahalanobis distance was performed on the normalized difference spectral index (NDSI) obtained from the measured spectral reflectance. A diagnostic model for discriminating between the healthy and diseased areas was created using the threshold value of NDSI. An accuracy assessment of the diagnostic model presented the overall accuracy as >0.94 for the combinations of spectral bands at 660–690 nm and 720–760 nm. This simple diagnostic model can be applied to other tree bark canker diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/6/1420appleplant diseasebarkhyperspectral imagingdiscriminant analysissustainability |
| spellingShingle | Junichi Kurihara Toshikazu Yamana Detection of Apple Valsa Canker Based on Hyperspectral Imaging Remote Sensing apple plant disease bark hyperspectral imaging discriminant analysis sustainability |
| title | Detection of Apple Valsa Canker Based on Hyperspectral Imaging |
| title_full | Detection of Apple Valsa Canker Based on Hyperspectral Imaging |
| title_fullStr | Detection of Apple Valsa Canker Based on Hyperspectral Imaging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Apple Valsa Canker Based on Hyperspectral Imaging |
| title_short | Detection of Apple Valsa Canker Based on Hyperspectral Imaging |
| title_sort | detection of apple valsa canker based on hyperspectral imaging |
| topic | apple plant disease bark hyperspectral imaging discriminant analysis sustainability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/6/1420 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT junichikurihara detectionofapplevalsacankerbasedonhyperspectralimaging AT toshikazuyamana detectionofapplevalsacankerbasedonhyperspectralimaging |