Increased Serum Levels of Phoenixin-14, Nesfatin-1 and Dopamine Are Associated with Positive Pregnancy Rate after Ovarian Stimulation

Background: We study the relationship between phoenixin (PNX-14), nesfatin-1 (NES-1), dopamine (DA) and oxytocin (OT) levels together with pregnancy rates in women after ovarian stimulation (OS). Methods: In a prospective case–control study, 56 infertile women were enrolled from the Department of Gy...

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Main Authors: Magdalena Piróg, Robert Jach, Michał Ząbczyk, Joanna Natorska
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-11-01
Series:Journal of Clinical Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/22/6991
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author Magdalena Piróg
Robert Jach
Michał Ząbczyk
Joanna Natorska
author_facet Magdalena Piróg
Robert Jach
Michał Ząbczyk
Joanna Natorska
author_sort Magdalena Piróg
collection DOAJ
description Background: We study the relationship between phoenixin (PNX-14), nesfatin-1 (NES-1), dopamine (DA) and oxytocin (OT) levels together with pregnancy rates in women after ovarian stimulation (OS). Methods: In a prospective case–control study, 56 infertile women were enrolled from the Department of Gynecological Endocrinology University Hospital. Infertile women age < 40 years old, with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), confirmed tubal patency and suitable sperm quality were included. Blood samples were drawn twice—before the initiation of OS and before the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration. Assessments of PNX-14, NES-1, DA and OT serum levels were performed. Pregnancy rates after OS were observed. Results: Pregnant women showed higher baseline NES-1 and OT levels (+29.2% and +44%) but not PNX-14 and DA levels when compared to non-pregnant ones. In pregnant women, positive correlations between OT and prolactin, PRL (r = 0.47, <i>p</i> = 0.04), as well as between OT and NES-1 (r = 0.55, <i>p</i> = 0.02), were observed at baseline. At baseline, an OT level increase was associated with a positive pregnancy rate (per 100 pg/mL, OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.04–1.74), while after OS, higher PNX-14 was a predictor of pregnancy (by 10 pg/mL, OR = 1.23, 95%CI 1.07–1.39). Post-stimulation PNX-14, NES-1 and DA concentrations were higher in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant ones (+17.4%, +26.1%, and +45.5%, respectively; all <i>p</i> < 0.05). In the pregnant group, OT levels were 2.7-times lower than in the remainder (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Moreover, in pregnant participants, a negative association between NES-1 and PNX (r = −0.53, <i>p</i> = 0.024) was observed. Conclusion: Elevated PNX-14, NES-1 and DA along with decreased OT levels were observed in women who achieved pregnancy.
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spelling doaj.art-89189d1321074fc3992ecee52aa83cbc2023-11-24T14:49:04ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-11-011222699110.3390/jcm12226991Increased Serum Levels of Phoenixin-14, Nesfatin-1 and Dopamine Are Associated with Positive Pregnancy Rate after Ovarian StimulationMagdalena Piróg0Robert Jach1Michał Ząbczyk2Joanna Natorska3Gynecological Endocrinology Department, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, PolandGynecological Endocrinology Department, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-202 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-202 Krakow, PolandBackground: We study the relationship between phoenixin (PNX-14), nesfatin-1 (NES-1), dopamine (DA) and oxytocin (OT) levels together with pregnancy rates in women after ovarian stimulation (OS). Methods: In a prospective case–control study, 56 infertile women were enrolled from the Department of Gynecological Endocrinology University Hospital. Infertile women age < 40 years old, with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), confirmed tubal patency and suitable sperm quality were included. Blood samples were drawn twice—before the initiation of OS and before the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration. Assessments of PNX-14, NES-1, DA and OT serum levels were performed. Pregnancy rates after OS were observed. Results: Pregnant women showed higher baseline NES-1 and OT levels (+29.2% and +44%) but not PNX-14 and DA levels when compared to non-pregnant ones. In pregnant women, positive correlations between OT and prolactin, PRL (r = 0.47, <i>p</i> = 0.04), as well as between OT and NES-1 (r = 0.55, <i>p</i> = 0.02), were observed at baseline. At baseline, an OT level increase was associated with a positive pregnancy rate (per 100 pg/mL, OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.04–1.74), while after OS, higher PNX-14 was a predictor of pregnancy (by 10 pg/mL, OR = 1.23, 95%CI 1.07–1.39). Post-stimulation PNX-14, NES-1 and DA concentrations were higher in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant ones (+17.4%, +26.1%, and +45.5%, respectively; all <i>p</i> < 0.05). In the pregnant group, OT levels were 2.7-times lower than in the remainder (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Moreover, in pregnant participants, a negative association between NES-1 and PNX (r = −0.53, <i>p</i> = 0.024) was observed. Conclusion: Elevated PNX-14, NES-1 and DA along with decreased OT levels were observed in women who achieved pregnancy.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/22/6991reproductive medicinereproductive endocrinologyinfertility nesfatin-1phoenixin-14ovarian stimulation
spellingShingle Magdalena Piróg
Robert Jach
Michał Ząbczyk
Joanna Natorska
Increased Serum Levels of Phoenixin-14, Nesfatin-1 and Dopamine Are Associated with Positive Pregnancy Rate after Ovarian Stimulation
Journal of Clinical Medicine
reproductive medicine
reproductive endocrinology
infertility nesfatin-1
phoenixin-14
ovarian stimulation
title Increased Serum Levels of Phoenixin-14, Nesfatin-1 and Dopamine Are Associated with Positive Pregnancy Rate after Ovarian Stimulation
title_full Increased Serum Levels of Phoenixin-14, Nesfatin-1 and Dopamine Are Associated with Positive Pregnancy Rate after Ovarian Stimulation
title_fullStr Increased Serum Levels of Phoenixin-14, Nesfatin-1 and Dopamine Are Associated with Positive Pregnancy Rate after Ovarian Stimulation
title_full_unstemmed Increased Serum Levels of Phoenixin-14, Nesfatin-1 and Dopamine Are Associated with Positive Pregnancy Rate after Ovarian Stimulation
title_short Increased Serum Levels of Phoenixin-14, Nesfatin-1 and Dopamine Are Associated with Positive Pregnancy Rate after Ovarian Stimulation
title_sort increased serum levels of phoenixin 14 nesfatin 1 and dopamine are associated with positive pregnancy rate after ovarian stimulation
topic reproductive medicine
reproductive endocrinology
infertility nesfatin-1
phoenixin-14
ovarian stimulation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/22/6991
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AT michałzabczyk increasedserumlevelsofphoenixin14nesfatin1anddopamineareassociatedwithpositivepregnancyrateafterovarianstimulation
AT joannanatorska increasedserumlevelsofphoenixin14nesfatin1anddopamineareassociatedwithpositivepregnancyrateafterovarianstimulation