Brackish and Hypersaline Lakes as Potential Reservoir for Enzymes Involved in Decomposition of Organic Materials on Frescoes
This study highlights the decomposing role through the hydrolytic activities of fungi isolated from natural environments represented by brackish and hypersaline lakes in Romania. Novel strains belonging to the <i>Penicillium</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i>, and <i>Emericellopsi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Fermentation |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/9/462 |
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| author | Ioana Gomoiu Roxana Cojoc Robert Ruginescu Simona Neagu Madalin Enache Gabriel Maria Maria Dumbrăvician Ioana Olteanu Roxana Rădvan Lucian-Cristian Ratoiu Victoria Atanassova Luminița Ghervase |
| author_facet | Ioana Gomoiu Roxana Cojoc Robert Ruginescu Simona Neagu Madalin Enache Gabriel Maria Maria Dumbrăvician Ioana Olteanu Roxana Rădvan Lucian-Cristian Ratoiu Victoria Atanassova Luminița Ghervase |
| author_sort | Ioana Gomoiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study highlights the decomposing role through the hydrolytic activities of fungi isolated from natural environments represented by brackish and hypersaline lakes in Romania. Novel strains belonging to the <i>Penicillium</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i>, and <i>Emericellopsis</i> genera were isolated and screened for the ability to produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, i.e., proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases, xylanases, and pectinases. According to salt requirements, they were classified as moderate halophilic and halotolerant strains. Agar plate-based assays with Tween 80, slide cultures with organic deposits, and quantitative evaluation allowed the selection of <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. BSL 2-2, <i>Penicillium</i> sp. BSL 3-2, and <i>Emericellopsis</i> sp. MM2 as potentially good decomposers of organic matter not only in lakes but also on deposits covering the mural paintings. Experiments performed on painted experimental models revealed that only <i>Penicillium</i> sp. BSL 3-2 decomposed Paraloid B72, transparent dispersion of casein, beeswax, sunflower oil, and soot. Moreover, using microscopic, spectroscopic, and imaging methods, it was proved the efficiency of <i>Penicillium</i> sp. BSL 3-2 for decomposition of organic deposits artificially applied on frescoes fragments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:04:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8929f08f7c414d47874421a780f92d0d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:04:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-8929f08f7c414d47874421a780f92d0d2023-11-23T16:11:07ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372022-09-018946210.3390/fermentation8090462Brackish and Hypersaline Lakes as Potential Reservoir for Enzymes Involved in Decomposition of Organic Materials on FrescoesIoana Gomoiu0Roxana Cojoc1Robert Ruginescu2Simona Neagu3Madalin Enache4Gabriel Maria5Maria Dumbrăvician6Ioana Olteanu7Roxana Rădvan8Lucian-Cristian Ratoiu9Victoria Atanassova10Luminița Ghervase11Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Conservation and Restoration, Faculty of Art History, Bucharest National University of Arts, 19 General Constantin Budișteanu, 010773 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Conservation and Restoration, Faculty of Art History, Bucharest National University of Arts, 19 General Constantin Budișteanu, 010773 Bucharest, RomaniaCentre of Excellence for Restoration by Optoelectronic Techniques, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 077125 Magurele, RomaniaCentre of Excellence for Restoration by Optoelectronic Techniques, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 077125 Magurele, RomaniaCentre of Excellence for Restoration by Optoelectronic Techniques, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 077125 Magurele, RomaniaCentre of Excellence for Restoration by Optoelectronic Techniques, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 077125 Magurele, RomaniaThis study highlights the decomposing role through the hydrolytic activities of fungi isolated from natural environments represented by brackish and hypersaline lakes in Romania. Novel strains belonging to the <i>Penicillium</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i>, and <i>Emericellopsis</i> genera were isolated and screened for the ability to produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, i.e., proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases, xylanases, and pectinases. According to salt requirements, they were classified as moderate halophilic and halotolerant strains. Agar plate-based assays with Tween 80, slide cultures with organic deposits, and quantitative evaluation allowed the selection of <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. BSL 2-2, <i>Penicillium</i> sp. BSL 3-2, and <i>Emericellopsis</i> sp. MM2 as potentially good decomposers of organic matter not only in lakes but also on deposits covering the mural paintings. Experiments performed on painted experimental models revealed that only <i>Penicillium</i> sp. BSL 3-2 decomposed Paraloid B72, transparent dispersion of casein, beeswax, sunflower oil, and soot. Moreover, using microscopic, spectroscopic, and imaging methods, it was proved the efficiency of <i>Penicillium</i> sp. BSL 3-2 for decomposition of organic deposits artificially applied on frescoes fragments.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/9/462brackish and hypersaline lakeshydrolytic enzymesmoderately halophilic and halotolerant fungideposits of Paraloid B72transparent dispersion of caseinbeeswax |
| spellingShingle | Ioana Gomoiu Roxana Cojoc Robert Ruginescu Simona Neagu Madalin Enache Gabriel Maria Maria Dumbrăvician Ioana Olteanu Roxana Rădvan Lucian-Cristian Ratoiu Victoria Atanassova Luminița Ghervase Brackish and Hypersaline Lakes as Potential Reservoir for Enzymes Involved in Decomposition of Organic Materials on Frescoes Fermentation brackish and hypersaline lakes hydrolytic enzymes moderately halophilic and halotolerant fungi deposits of Paraloid B72 transparent dispersion of casein beeswax |
| title | Brackish and Hypersaline Lakes as Potential Reservoir for Enzymes Involved in Decomposition of Organic Materials on Frescoes |
| title_full | Brackish and Hypersaline Lakes as Potential Reservoir for Enzymes Involved in Decomposition of Organic Materials on Frescoes |
| title_fullStr | Brackish and Hypersaline Lakes as Potential Reservoir for Enzymes Involved in Decomposition of Organic Materials on Frescoes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brackish and Hypersaline Lakes as Potential Reservoir for Enzymes Involved in Decomposition of Organic Materials on Frescoes |
| title_short | Brackish and Hypersaline Lakes as Potential Reservoir for Enzymes Involved in Decomposition of Organic Materials on Frescoes |
| title_sort | brackish and hypersaline lakes as potential reservoir for enzymes involved in decomposition of organic materials on frescoes |
| topic | brackish and hypersaline lakes hydrolytic enzymes moderately halophilic and halotolerant fungi deposits of Paraloid B72 transparent dispersion of casein beeswax |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/9/462 |
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