Promoting Effect of Cu on Pd Applied to the Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation and Direct Hydrazine Fuel Cells
Use of liquid fuels in fuel cells is advantageous due to the easier and safer handling, transportation, and storage. Among the different options, hydrazine is of interest since the formation of highly poisoning carbonaceous species is avoided, in addition to its high energy density. In the search fo...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/12/1639 |
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| author | Rudy Crisafulli Dryade Ferreira de Paula Sabrina C. Zignani Lorenzo Spadaro Alessandra Palella Simona Boninelli José A. Dias José J. Linares |
| author_facet | Rudy Crisafulli Dryade Ferreira de Paula Sabrina C. Zignani Lorenzo Spadaro Alessandra Palella Simona Boninelli José A. Dias José J. Linares |
| author_sort | Rudy Crisafulli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Use of liquid fuels in fuel cells is advantageous due to the easier and safer handling, transportation, and storage. Among the different options, hydrazine is of interest since the formation of highly poisoning carbonaceous species is avoided, in addition to its high energy density. In the search for more active direct hydrazine fuel cells (DHFC), this study analyzes the influence of Cu as an auxiliary metal on Pd. Three different Pd<sub>x</sub>Cu/C (x = 3, 1, and 0.33) catalysts were prepared by chemical reduction with NaBH<sub>4</sub>. The materials were physiochemically characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electrochemical analysis in a three-electrode glass cell and a single-cell DHFC was also carried out to study the impact on the electroactivity. Cu exerts a beneficial effect by reducing the adsorption energies of the adsorbed species and donating oxidized species for the completion of the hydrazine electro-oxidation, optimally balanced in the Pd<sub>1</sub>Cu/C (maximum power density of 180 mW cm<sup>−2</sup>). As a counterpoint, Cu slightly promotes the non-faradaic decomposition of hydrazine, seen by a larger H<sub>2</sub> signal in mass spectroscopy in the anode exhaust at high current densities, which results in a slight loss in faradaic efficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:13:28Z |
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| id | doaj.art-89306be0df19447a99baa3a7c9ea7a64 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:13:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-89306be0df19447a99baa3a7c9ea7a642023-11-24T13:52:29ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442022-12-011212163910.3390/catal12121639Promoting Effect of Cu on Pd Applied to the Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation and Direct Hydrazine Fuel CellsRudy Crisafulli0Dryade Ferreira de Paula1Sabrina C. Zignani2Lorenzo Spadaro3Alessandra Palella4Simona Boninelli5José A. Dias6José J. Linares7Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília 70910-900, BrazilInstituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília 70910-900, BrazilITAE—Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l’Energia “Nicola Giordano”, National Research Council of Italy, Salita Santa Lucia Sopra Contesse, 5, 98126 Messina, ItalyITAE—Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l’Energia “Nicola Giordano”, National Research Council of Italy, Salita Santa Lucia Sopra Contesse, 5, 98126 Messina, ItalyITAE—Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l’Energia “Nicola Giordano”, National Research Council of Italy, Salita Santa Lucia Sopra Contesse, 5, 98126 Messina, ItalyIMM—Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Research Council of Italy, Strada VII, 5, 95121 Catania, ItalyLaboratório de Catálise, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília 70910–900, BrazilInstituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília 70910-900, BrazilUse of liquid fuels in fuel cells is advantageous due to the easier and safer handling, transportation, and storage. Among the different options, hydrazine is of interest since the formation of highly poisoning carbonaceous species is avoided, in addition to its high energy density. In the search for more active direct hydrazine fuel cells (DHFC), this study analyzes the influence of Cu as an auxiliary metal on Pd. Three different Pd<sub>x</sub>Cu/C (x = 3, 1, and 0.33) catalysts were prepared by chemical reduction with NaBH<sub>4</sub>. The materials were physiochemically characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electrochemical analysis in a three-electrode glass cell and a single-cell DHFC was also carried out to study the impact on the electroactivity. Cu exerts a beneficial effect by reducing the adsorption energies of the adsorbed species and donating oxidized species for the completion of the hydrazine electro-oxidation, optimally balanced in the Pd<sub>1</sub>Cu/C (maximum power density of 180 mW cm<sup>−2</sup>). As a counterpoint, Cu slightly promotes the non-faradaic decomposition of hydrazine, seen by a larger H<sub>2</sub> signal in mass spectroscopy in the anode exhaust at high current densities, which results in a slight loss in faradaic efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/12/1639electrocatalysisalkalinehydrazine electro-oxidationpalladiumcopperdirect hydrazine fuel cells |
| spellingShingle | Rudy Crisafulli Dryade Ferreira de Paula Sabrina C. Zignani Lorenzo Spadaro Alessandra Palella Simona Boninelli José A. Dias José J. Linares Promoting Effect of Cu on Pd Applied to the Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation and Direct Hydrazine Fuel Cells Catalysts electrocatalysis alkaline hydrazine electro-oxidation palladium copper direct hydrazine fuel cells |
| title | Promoting Effect of Cu on Pd Applied to the Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation and Direct Hydrazine Fuel Cells |
| title_full | Promoting Effect of Cu on Pd Applied to the Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation and Direct Hydrazine Fuel Cells |
| title_fullStr | Promoting Effect of Cu on Pd Applied to the Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation and Direct Hydrazine Fuel Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Promoting Effect of Cu on Pd Applied to the Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation and Direct Hydrazine Fuel Cells |
| title_short | Promoting Effect of Cu on Pd Applied to the Hydrazine Electro-Oxidation and Direct Hydrazine Fuel Cells |
| title_sort | promoting effect of cu on pd applied to the hydrazine electro oxidation and direct hydrazine fuel cells |
| topic | electrocatalysis alkaline hydrazine electro-oxidation palladium copper direct hydrazine fuel cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/12/1639 |
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