Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the spread of SARS-CoV-2 a global pandemic. To date, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has spread to over 200 countries, leading to over 1.6 million cases and over 99,000 deaths. Given that there is neither a vaccine nor proven treatment for CO...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
eScholarship Publishing, University of California
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Western Journal of Emergency Medicine |
| Online Access: | https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9z6961f2 |
| _version_ | 1818210019805495296 |
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| author | Arif Musa Kasim Pendi Areio Hashemi Elizabeth Warbasse Sarkis Kouyoumjian Jenna Yousif Emily Blodget Susan Stevens Besma Aly David A. Baron |
| author_facet | Arif Musa Kasim Pendi Areio Hashemi Elizabeth Warbasse Sarkis Kouyoumjian Jenna Yousif Emily Blodget Susan Stevens Besma Aly David A. Baron |
| author_sort | Arif Musa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the spread of SARS-CoV-2 a global pandemic. To date, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has spread to over 200 countries, leading to over 1.6 million cases and over 99,000 deaths. Given that there is neither a vaccine nor proven treatment for COVID-19, there is currently an urgent need for effective pharmacotherapy. To address the need for an effective treatment of SARS-CoV-2 during the worldwide pandemic, this systematic review of intravenous (IV) remdesivir was performed. Remdesivir, an anti-viral prodrug originally developed to treat Ebola virus disease, has shown broad spectrum activity against the Coronavirus family. A recent case report reported improvement of clinical symptoms with remdesivir in a patient with COVID-19. After conducting a systematic search of 18 clinical trial registries and three large scientific databases, we identified 86 potentially eligible items. Following removal of duplicates (n = 21), eligible studies were reviewed independently by two authors. After the first round of screening, inter-rater agreement was 98.5% (κ = 0.925). After the second round of full-text screening, inter-rater agreement was 100%. A total of seven ongoing and recruiting clinical trials of remdesivir (100–200 milligrams, intravenous [IV]) were included. We identified the following primary outcomes: patients discharged (n = 2); time to clinical status improvement (n = 2); improved O2 saturation (n = 2); body temperature normalization (n = 2); and clinical status (n = 1). Secondary outcomes in all identified studies included documentation of adverse events. Phase 3 trials are expected to be completed between April 2020–2023. Therefore, despite supportive data from in vitro and in vivo studies, the clinical effectiveness of IV remdesivir for treatment of COVID-19 and potential side effects remain incompletely defined in the human population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T05:09:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-893c302780364951842ae0748978f170 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1936-9018 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T05:09:57Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | eScholarship Publishing, University of California |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Western Journal of Emergency Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-893c302780364951842ae0748978f1702022-12-22T00:36:58ZengeScholarship Publishing, University of CaliforniaWestern Journal of Emergency Medicine1936-90182020-07-0121410.5811/westjem.2020.5.47658wjem-21-737Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the LiteratureArif Musa0Kasim Pendi1Areio Hashemi2Elizabeth Warbasse3Sarkis Kouyoumjian4Jenna Yousif5Emily Blodget6Susan Stevens7Besma Aly8David A. Baron9Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MichiganSouthern California University of Health Sciences, School of Professional Studies, Whittier, CaliforniaWilliam Carey University, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Hattiesburg, MississippiWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MichiganWayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, MichiganWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MichiganUniversity of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CaliforniaWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MichiganWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MichiganWestern University of Health Sciences, Office of the Provost, Pomona, CaliforniaIn March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the spread of SARS-CoV-2 a global pandemic. To date, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has spread to over 200 countries, leading to over 1.6 million cases and over 99,000 deaths. Given that there is neither a vaccine nor proven treatment for COVID-19, there is currently an urgent need for effective pharmacotherapy. To address the need for an effective treatment of SARS-CoV-2 during the worldwide pandemic, this systematic review of intravenous (IV) remdesivir was performed. Remdesivir, an anti-viral prodrug originally developed to treat Ebola virus disease, has shown broad spectrum activity against the Coronavirus family. A recent case report reported improvement of clinical symptoms with remdesivir in a patient with COVID-19. After conducting a systematic search of 18 clinical trial registries and three large scientific databases, we identified 86 potentially eligible items. Following removal of duplicates (n = 21), eligible studies were reviewed independently by two authors. After the first round of screening, inter-rater agreement was 98.5% (κ = 0.925). After the second round of full-text screening, inter-rater agreement was 100%. A total of seven ongoing and recruiting clinical trials of remdesivir (100–200 milligrams, intravenous [IV]) were included. We identified the following primary outcomes: patients discharged (n = 2); time to clinical status improvement (n = 2); improved O2 saturation (n = 2); body temperature normalization (n = 2); and clinical status (n = 1). Secondary outcomes in all identified studies included documentation of adverse events. Phase 3 trials are expected to be completed between April 2020–2023. Therefore, despite supportive data from in vitro and in vivo studies, the clinical effectiveness of IV remdesivir for treatment of COVID-19 and potential side effects remain incompletely defined in the human population.https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9z6961f2 |
| spellingShingle | Arif Musa Kasim Pendi Areio Hashemi Elizabeth Warbasse Sarkis Kouyoumjian Jenna Yousif Emily Blodget Susan Stevens Besma Aly David A. Baron Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature Western Journal of Emergency Medicine |
| title | Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature |
| title_full | Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature |
| title_fullStr | Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature |
| title_short | Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature |
| title_sort | remdesivir for the treatment of covid 19 a systematic review of the literature |
| url | https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9z6961f2 |
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