ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING: A Novel Signature-Based e-Voting Scheme Using Blockchain and Zero Knowledge Property
Traditional voting systems mainly comprise of paper polling, electronic ballot system (EVM), mechanical devices, etc., and demand the physical presence of the voters. In the new age of digitization, the electronic voting system has come up with a unique facility to cast votes from any discreet place...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2024-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10376464/ |
| _version_ | 1797348035742662656 |
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| author | Suman Majumder Sangram Ray Dipanwita Sadhukhan Mou Dasgupta Ashok Kumar Das Youngho Park |
| author_facet | Suman Majumder Sangram Ray Dipanwita Sadhukhan Mou Dasgupta Ashok Kumar Das Youngho Park |
| author_sort | Suman Majumder |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Traditional voting systems mainly comprise of paper polling, electronic ballot system (EVM), mechanical devices, etc., and demand the physical presence of the voters. In the new age of digitization, the electronic voting system has come up with a unique facility to cast votes from any discreet place. However, the e-voting system has to face several challenges regarding security and privacy. To overcome such obstructions, blockchain is introduced in e-voting applications that preserve anonymity, security, and consistency of voter-related information with the help of Merkle tree and hash digest. Hence, any discrepancy can immediately be detected whenever the hash values of the respective block have been modified and consequently, the whole block is discarded. In this research, a novel e-voting scheme is proposed following the decentralized service-oriented architecture of Exonum private blockchain, hybrid consensus algorithm, and Elliptic Curve Diffie-Helmen (ECDH) protocol to agree upon a secure session key among different participants. Moreover, the proposed scheme (ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING) employs a zero-knowledge protocol and is customized to work over idemix technologies with a blind signature scheme. Numerous well-known cryptographic attacks are analyzed formally using the probabilistic random oracle model and informally for validating the security strength of ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING. As a result, it is found that the proposed scheme is well-defended against all potential security concerns. Furthermore, the scheme is simulated using both Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) and Scyther tools to demonstrate the proposed scheme is not prone to any security attacks. Finally, it is concluded that the proposed scheme is well-suited for secure e-voting applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:57:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-893c828bf2ac430eac591149a9252d54 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2644-125X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:57:39Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society |
| spelling | doaj.art-893c828bf2ac430eac591149a9252d542024-01-24T00:01:09ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society2644-125X2024-01-01558359810.1109/OJCOMS.2023.334846810376464ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING: A Novel Signature-Based e-Voting Scheme Using Blockchain and Zero Knowledge PropertySuman Majumder0Sangram Ray1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1920-4172Dipanwita Sadhukhan2Mou Dasgupta3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9948-6041Ashok Kumar Das4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-9589Youngho Park5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-6547Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, IndiaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, IndiaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, IndiaDepartment of Computer Application, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, IndiaCenter for Security, Theory and Algorithmic Research, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, IndiaSchool of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of KoreaTraditional voting systems mainly comprise of paper polling, electronic ballot system (EVM), mechanical devices, etc., and demand the physical presence of the voters. In the new age of digitization, the electronic voting system has come up with a unique facility to cast votes from any discreet place. However, the e-voting system has to face several challenges regarding security and privacy. To overcome such obstructions, blockchain is introduced in e-voting applications that preserve anonymity, security, and consistency of voter-related information with the help of Merkle tree and hash digest. Hence, any discrepancy can immediately be detected whenever the hash values of the respective block have been modified and consequently, the whole block is discarded. In this research, a novel e-voting scheme is proposed following the decentralized service-oriented architecture of Exonum private blockchain, hybrid consensus algorithm, and Elliptic Curve Diffie-Helmen (ECDH) protocol to agree upon a secure session key among different participants. Moreover, the proposed scheme (ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING) employs a zero-knowledge protocol and is customized to work over idemix technologies with a blind signature scheme. Numerous well-known cryptographic attacks are analyzed formally using the probabilistic random oracle model and informally for validating the security strength of ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING. As a result, it is found that the proposed scheme is well-defended against all potential security concerns. Furthermore, the scheme is simulated using both Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) and Scyther tools to demonstrate the proposed scheme is not prone to any security attacks. Finally, it is concluded that the proposed scheme is well-suited for secure e-voting applications.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10376464/Distributed ledger technology (DLT)elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP)practical Byzantine fault tolerant (PBFT) |
| spellingShingle | Suman Majumder Sangram Ray Dipanwita Sadhukhan Mou Dasgupta Ashok Kumar Das Youngho Park ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING: A Novel Signature-Based e-Voting Scheme Using Blockchain and Zero Knowledge Property IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Distributed ledger technology (DLT) elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) practical Byzantine fault tolerant (PBFT) |
| title | ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING: A Novel Signature-Based e-Voting Scheme Using Blockchain and Zero Knowledge Property |
| title_full | ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING: A Novel Signature-Based e-Voting Scheme Using Blockchain and Zero Knowledge Property |
| title_fullStr | ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING: A Novel Signature-Based e-Voting Scheme Using Blockchain and Zero Knowledge Property |
| title_full_unstemmed | ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING: A Novel Signature-Based e-Voting Scheme Using Blockchain and Zero Knowledge Property |
| title_short | ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING: A Novel Signature-Based e-Voting Scheme Using Blockchain and Zero Knowledge Property |
| title_sort | ecc exonum evoting a novel signature based e voting scheme using blockchain and zero knowledge property |
| topic | Distributed ledger technology (DLT) elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) practical Byzantine fault tolerant (PBFT) |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10376464/ |
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