Conserved and Diverse Transcriptional Reprogramming Triggered by the Establishment of Symbioses in Tomato Roots Forming <i>Arum</i>-Type and <i>Paris</i>-Type Arbuscular Mycorrhizae
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi allocate mineral nutrients to their host plants, and the hosts supply carbohydrates and lipids to the fungal symbionts in return. The morphotypes of intraradical hyphae are primarily determined on the plant side into <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/6/747 |
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| author | Takaya Tominaga Luxi Yao Hikaru Saito Hironori Kaminaka |
| author_facet | Takaya Tominaga Luxi Yao Hikaru Saito Hironori Kaminaka |
| author_sort | Takaya Tominaga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi allocate mineral nutrients to their host plants, and the hosts supply carbohydrates and lipids to the fungal symbionts in return. The morphotypes of intraradical hyphae are primarily determined on the plant side into <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i>-type AMs. As an exception, <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> (tomato) forms both types of AMs depending on the fungal species. Previously, we have shown the existence of diverse regulatory mechanisms in <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i>-type AM symbioses in response to gibberellin (GA) among different host species. However, due to the design of the study, it remained possible that the use of different plant species influenced the results. Here, we used tomato plants to compare the transcriptional responses during <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i>-type AM symbioses in a single plant species. The tomato plants inoculated with <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> or <i>Gigaspora margarita</i> exhibited <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i>-type AMs, respectively, and demonstrated similar colonization rates and shoot biomass. Comparative transcriptomics showed shared expression patterns of AM-related genes in tomato roots upon each fungal infection. On the contrary, the defense response and GA biosynthetic process was transcriptionally upregulated during <i>Paris</i>-type AM symbiosis. Thus, both shared and different transcriptional reprogramming function in establishing <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i>-type AM symbioses in tomato plants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:56:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89555bf162204b68a1af63dd0dc9904c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:56:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-89555bf162204b68a1af63dd0dc9904c2023-11-30T22:00:30ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-03-0111674710.3390/plants11060747Conserved and Diverse Transcriptional Reprogramming Triggered by the Establishment of Symbioses in Tomato Roots Forming <i>Arum</i>-Type and <i>Paris</i>-Type Arbuscular MycorrhizaeTakaya Tominaga0Luxi Yao1Hikaru Saito2Hironori Kaminaka3The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, JapanArbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi allocate mineral nutrients to their host plants, and the hosts supply carbohydrates and lipids to the fungal symbionts in return. The morphotypes of intraradical hyphae are primarily determined on the plant side into <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i>-type AMs. As an exception, <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> (tomato) forms both types of AMs depending on the fungal species. Previously, we have shown the existence of diverse regulatory mechanisms in <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i>-type AM symbioses in response to gibberellin (GA) among different host species. However, due to the design of the study, it remained possible that the use of different plant species influenced the results. Here, we used tomato plants to compare the transcriptional responses during <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i>-type AM symbioses in a single plant species. The tomato plants inoculated with <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> or <i>Gigaspora margarita</i> exhibited <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i>-type AMs, respectively, and demonstrated similar colonization rates and shoot biomass. Comparative transcriptomics showed shared expression patterns of AM-related genes in tomato roots upon each fungal infection. On the contrary, the defense response and GA biosynthetic process was transcriptionally upregulated during <i>Paris</i>-type AM symbiosis. Thus, both shared and different transcriptional reprogramming function in establishing <i>Arum</i>- and <i>Paris</i>-type AM symbioses in tomato plants.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/6/747arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosiscomparative transcriptomics<i>Arum</i>-type<i>Paris</i>-type<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i><i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> |
| spellingShingle | Takaya Tominaga Luxi Yao Hikaru Saito Hironori Kaminaka Conserved and Diverse Transcriptional Reprogramming Triggered by the Establishment of Symbioses in Tomato Roots Forming <i>Arum</i>-Type and <i>Paris</i>-Type Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Plants arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis comparative transcriptomics <i>Arum</i>-type <i>Paris</i>-type <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> |
| title | Conserved and Diverse Transcriptional Reprogramming Triggered by the Establishment of Symbioses in Tomato Roots Forming <i>Arum</i>-Type and <i>Paris</i>-Type Arbuscular Mycorrhizae |
| title_full | Conserved and Diverse Transcriptional Reprogramming Triggered by the Establishment of Symbioses in Tomato Roots Forming <i>Arum</i>-Type and <i>Paris</i>-Type Arbuscular Mycorrhizae |
| title_fullStr | Conserved and Diverse Transcriptional Reprogramming Triggered by the Establishment of Symbioses in Tomato Roots Forming <i>Arum</i>-Type and <i>Paris</i>-Type Arbuscular Mycorrhizae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Conserved and Diverse Transcriptional Reprogramming Triggered by the Establishment of Symbioses in Tomato Roots Forming <i>Arum</i>-Type and <i>Paris</i>-Type Arbuscular Mycorrhizae |
| title_short | Conserved and Diverse Transcriptional Reprogramming Triggered by the Establishment of Symbioses in Tomato Roots Forming <i>Arum</i>-Type and <i>Paris</i>-Type Arbuscular Mycorrhizae |
| title_sort | conserved and diverse transcriptional reprogramming triggered by the establishment of symbioses in tomato roots forming i arum i type and i paris i type arbuscular mycorrhizae |
| topic | arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis comparative transcriptomics <i>Arum</i>-type <i>Paris</i>-type <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/6/747 |
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