Acoustic and Aerodynamic Coupling during Phonation in MRI-Based Vocal Tract Replicas
Voiced speech is the result of a fluid-structure-acoustic interaction in larynx and vocal tract (VT). Previous studies show a strong influence of the VT on this interaction process, but are limited to individually obtained VT geometries. In order to overcome this restriction and to provide a more ge...
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MDPI AG
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/17/3562 |
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| author | Judith Probst Alexander Lodermeyer Sahar Fattoum Stefan Becker Matthias Echternach Bernhard Richter Michael Döllinger Stefan Kniesburges |
| author_facet | Judith Probst Alexander Lodermeyer Sahar Fattoum Stefan Becker Matthias Echternach Bernhard Richter Michael Döllinger Stefan Kniesburges |
| author_sort | Judith Probst |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Voiced speech is the result of a fluid-structure-acoustic interaction in larynx and vocal tract (VT). Previous studies show a strong influence of the VT on this interaction process, but are limited to individually obtained VT geometries. In order to overcome this restriction and to provide a more general VT replica, we computed a simplified, averaged VT geometry for the vowel /a/. The basis for that were MRI-derived cross-sections along the straightened VT centerline of six professional tenors. The resulting mean VT replica, as well as realistic and simplified VT replicas of each tenor were 3D-printed for experiments with silicone vocal folds that show flow-induced oscillations. Our results reveal that all replicas, including the mean VT, reproduce the characteristic formants with mean deviations of 12% when compared with the subjects’ audio recordings. The overall formant structure neither is impaired by the averaging process, nor by the simplified geometry. Nonetheless, alterations in the broadband, non-harmonic portions of the sound spectrum indicate changed aerodynamic characteristics within the simplified VT. In conclusion, our mean VT replica shows similar formant properties as found in vivo. This indicates that the mean VT geometry is suitable for further investigations of the fluid-structure-acoustic interaction during phonation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:02:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8961eba09080444c81adda8bea2e38f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:02:29Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-8961eba09080444c81adda8bea2e38f82022-12-22T00:13:43ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172019-08-01917356210.3390/app9173562app9173562Acoustic and Aerodynamic Coupling during Phonation in MRI-Based Vocal Tract ReplicasJudith Probst0Alexander Lodermeyer1Sahar Fattoum2Stefan Becker3Matthias Echternach4Bernhard Richter5Michael Döllinger6Stefan Kniesburges7Department of Process Machinery and Systems Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, 91058 Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Process Machinery and Systems Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, 91058 Erlangen, GermanyDivision of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School at Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstraße 1, 91054 Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Process Machinery and Systems Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 4, 91058 Erlangen, GermanyDivision of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 München, GermanyInstitute of Musicians’ Medicine, Freiburg University, Medical Faculty, Elsässer Strasse 2 m, 79110 Freiburg, GermanyDivision of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School at Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstraße 1, 91054 Erlangen, GermanyDivision of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School at Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstraße 1, 91054 Erlangen, GermanyVoiced speech is the result of a fluid-structure-acoustic interaction in larynx and vocal tract (VT). Previous studies show a strong influence of the VT on this interaction process, but are limited to individually obtained VT geometries. In order to overcome this restriction and to provide a more general VT replica, we computed a simplified, averaged VT geometry for the vowel /a/. The basis for that were MRI-derived cross-sections along the straightened VT centerline of six professional tenors. The resulting mean VT replica, as well as realistic and simplified VT replicas of each tenor were 3D-printed for experiments with silicone vocal folds that show flow-induced oscillations. Our results reveal that all replicas, including the mean VT, reproduce the characteristic formants with mean deviations of 12% when compared with the subjects’ audio recordings. The overall formant structure neither is impaired by the averaging process, nor by the simplified geometry. Nonetheless, alterations in the broadband, non-harmonic portions of the sound spectrum indicate changed aerodynamic characteristics within the simplified VT. In conclusion, our mean VT replica shows similar formant properties as found in vivo. This indicates that the mean VT geometry is suitable for further investigations of the fluid-structure-acoustic interaction during phonation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/17/3562voice production modelingvocal tract acousticsartificial vocal fold models |
| spellingShingle | Judith Probst Alexander Lodermeyer Sahar Fattoum Stefan Becker Matthias Echternach Bernhard Richter Michael Döllinger Stefan Kniesburges Acoustic and Aerodynamic Coupling during Phonation in MRI-Based Vocal Tract Replicas Applied Sciences voice production modeling vocal tract acoustics artificial vocal fold models |
| title | Acoustic and Aerodynamic Coupling during Phonation in MRI-Based Vocal Tract Replicas |
| title_full | Acoustic and Aerodynamic Coupling during Phonation in MRI-Based Vocal Tract Replicas |
| title_fullStr | Acoustic and Aerodynamic Coupling during Phonation in MRI-Based Vocal Tract Replicas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acoustic and Aerodynamic Coupling during Phonation in MRI-Based Vocal Tract Replicas |
| title_short | Acoustic and Aerodynamic Coupling during Phonation in MRI-Based Vocal Tract Replicas |
| title_sort | acoustic and aerodynamic coupling during phonation in mri based vocal tract replicas |
| topic | voice production modeling vocal tract acoustics artificial vocal fold models |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/17/3562 |
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