Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A-induced immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans depends on MAPK pathways and DAF-16
Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) is a pathogen that can cause enteric fever. According to the recent epidemic trends of typhoid fever, S. Paratyphi A has been the major important causative factor in paratyphoid fever. An effective vaccine for S. Paratyphi A has not been devel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1118003/full |
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| author | Ai-Jun Ding Wei-Ming Zhang Jian Tao Bing Chen Xiao-Cao Liu Yu Dong Han-Jing Ma Shao-Dong Pan Jiang-Bo He Wei-Kun Zeng |
| author_facet | Ai-Jun Ding Wei-Ming Zhang Jian Tao Bing Chen Xiao-Cao Liu Yu Dong Han-Jing Ma Shao-Dong Pan Jiang-Bo He Wei-Kun Zeng |
| author_sort | Ai-Jun Ding |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) is a pathogen that can cause enteric fever. According to the recent epidemic trends of typhoid fever, S. Paratyphi A has been the major important causative factor in paratyphoid fever. An effective vaccine for S. Paratyphi A has not been developed, which made it a tricky public health concern. Until now, how S. Paratyphi A interacts with organisms remain unknown. Here using lifespan assay, we found that S. Paratyphi A could infect Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) at 25°C, and attenuate thermotolerance. The immune response of C. elegans was mediated by tir-1, nsy-1, sek-1, pmk-1, mpk-1, skn-1, daf-2 and daf-16, suggesting that S. Paratyphi A could regulate the MAPK and insulin pathways. Furthermore, we observed several phenotypical changes when C. elegans were fed S. Paratyphi A, including an accelerated decline in body movement, reduced the reproductive capacity, shortened spawning cycle, strong preference for OP50, arrested pharyngeal pumping and colonization of the intestinal lumen. The virulence of S. Paratyphi A requires living bacteria and is not mediated by secreting toxin. Using hydrogen peroxide analysis and quantitative RT-PCR, we discovered that S. Paratyphi A could increase oxidative stress and regulate the immune response in C. elegans. Our results sheds light on the infection mechanisms of S. Paratyphi A and lays a foundation for drugs and vaccine development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T18:24:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89686abd29734e0f9df7f62f8346e768 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T18:24:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-89686abd29734e0f9df7f62f8346e7682023-04-12T04:32:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-04-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.11180031118003Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A-induced immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans depends on MAPK pathways and DAF-16Ai-Jun DingWei-Ming ZhangJian TaoBing ChenXiao-Cao LiuYu DongHan-Jing MaShao-Dong PanJiang-Bo HeWei-Kun ZengSalmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) is a pathogen that can cause enteric fever. According to the recent epidemic trends of typhoid fever, S. Paratyphi A has been the major important causative factor in paratyphoid fever. An effective vaccine for S. Paratyphi A has not been developed, which made it a tricky public health concern. Until now, how S. Paratyphi A interacts with organisms remain unknown. Here using lifespan assay, we found that S. Paratyphi A could infect Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) at 25°C, and attenuate thermotolerance. The immune response of C. elegans was mediated by tir-1, nsy-1, sek-1, pmk-1, mpk-1, skn-1, daf-2 and daf-16, suggesting that S. Paratyphi A could regulate the MAPK and insulin pathways. Furthermore, we observed several phenotypical changes when C. elegans were fed S. Paratyphi A, including an accelerated decline in body movement, reduced the reproductive capacity, shortened spawning cycle, strong preference for OP50, arrested pharyngeal pumping and colonization of the intestinal lumen. The virulence of S. Paratyphi A requires living bacteria and is not mediated by secreting toxin. Using hydrogen peroxide analysis and quantitative RT-PCR, we discovered that S. Paratyphi A could increase oxidative stress and regulate the immune response in C. elegans. Our results sheds light on the infection mechanisms of S. Paratyphi A and lays a foundation for drugs and vaccine development.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1118003/fullSalmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi ACaenorhabditis elegansMAPKoxidative stressimmune |
| spellingShingle | Ai-Jun Ding Wei-Ming Zhang Jian Tao Bing Chen Xiao-Cao Liu Yu Dong Han-Jing Ma Shao-Dong Pan Jiang-Bo He Wei-Kun Zeng Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A-induced immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans depends on MAPK pathways and DAF-16 Frontiers in Immunology Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A Caenorhabditis elegans MAPK oxidative stress immune |
| title | Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A-induced immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans depends on MAPK pathways and DAF-16 |
| title_full | Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A-induced immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans depends on MAPK pathways and DAF-16 |
| title_fullStr | Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A-induced immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans depends on MAPK pathways and DAF-16 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A-induced immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans depends on MAPK pathways and DAF-16 |
| title_short | Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A-induced immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans depends on MAPK pathways and DAF-16 |
| title_sort | salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi a induced immune response in caenorhabditis elegans depends on mapk pathways and daf 16 |
| topic | Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A Caenorhabditis elegans MAPK oxidative stress immune |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1118003/full |
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