Growth Hormone Overexpression Induces Hyperphagia and Intestinal Morphophysiological Adaptations to Improve Nutrient Uptake in Zebrafish
The excess of circulating growth hormone (GH) in most transgenic animals implies mandatory growth resulting in higher metabolic demand. Considering that the intestine is the main organ responsible for the digestion, absorption, and direction of dietary nutrients to other tissues, this study aimed to...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.723853/full |
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| author | Marcela G. Meirelles Bruna F. Nornberg Tony L. R. da Silveira Mateus T. Kütter Caroline G. Castro Juan Rafael B. Ramirez Virgínia Pedrosa Luis Alberto Romano Luis Fernando Marins |
| author_facet | Marcela G. Meirelles Bruna F. Nornberg Tony L. R. da Silveira Mateus T. Kütter Caroline G. Castro Juan Rafael B. Ramirez Virgínia Pedrosa Luis Alberto Romano Luis Fernando Marins |
| author_sort | Marcela G. Meirelles |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The excess of circulating growth hormone (GH) in most transgenic animals implies mandatory growth resulting in higher metabolic demand. Considering that the intestine is the main organ responsible for the digestion, absorption, and direction of dietary nutrients to other tissues, this study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which gh overexpression modulates the intestine to support higher growth. For this purpose, we designed an 8-weeks feeding trial to evaluate growth parameters, feed intake, and intestinal morphometric indices in the adult gh-transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. To access the sensitivity of the intestine to the excess of circulating GH, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of intestine GH receptors (GHRs) (ghra and ghrb) was analyzed. In addition, the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1a (igf1a) and genes encoding for di and tripeptide transporters (pept1a and pept1b) were assessed. Gh-transgenic zebrafish had better growth performance and higher feed intake compared to non-transgenic sibling controls. Chronic excess of GH upregulates the expression of its cognate receptor (ghrb) and the main growth factor related to trophic effects in the intestine (igf1a). Moreover, transgenic zebrafish showed an increased intestinal absorptive area and higher expression of crucial genes related to the absorption of products from meal protein degradation. These results reinforce the ability of GH to modulate intestinal morphology and the mechanisms of assimilation of nutrients to sustain the energy demand for the continuous growth induced by the excess of circulating GH. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T05:28:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-896ece4a4dbc4b4f94bb024e89ef77e2 |
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| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T05:28:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-896ece4a4dbc4b4f94bb024e89ef77e22022-12-21T18:37:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2021-09-011210.3389/fphys.2021.723853723853Growth Hormone Overexpression Induces Hyperphagia and Intestinal Morphophysiological Adaptations to Improve Nutrient Uptake in ZebrafishMarcela G. Meirelles0Bruna F. Nornberg1Tony L. R. da Silveira2Mateus T. Kütter3Caroline G. Castro4Juan Rafael B. Ramirez5Virgínia Pedrosa6Luis Alberto Romano7Luis Fernando Marins8Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, BrazilLaboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, BrazilLaboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, BrazilLaboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, BrazilLaboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, BrazilLaboratório de Bioquímica Funcional de Organismos Aquáticos, Instituto de Oceanografia, Estação Marinha de Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, BrazilLaboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Organismos Aquáticos, Instituto de Oceanografia, Estação Marinha de Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, BrazilLaboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Organismos Aquáticos, Instituto de Oceanografia, Estação Marinha de Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, BrazilLaboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, BrazilThe excess of circulating growth hormone (GH) in most transgenic animals implies mandatory growth resulting in higher metabolic demand. Considering that the intestine is the main organ responsible for the digestion, absorption, and direction of dietary nutrients to other tissues, this study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which gh overexpression modulates the intestine to support higher growth. For this purpose, we designed an 8-weeks feeding trial to evaluate growth parameters, feed intake, and intestinal morphometric indices in the adult gh-transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. To access the sensitivity of the intestine to the excess of circulating GH, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of intestine GH receptors (GHRs) (ghra and ghrb) was analyzed. In addition, the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1a (igf1a) and genes encoding for di and tripeptide transporters (pept1a and pept1b) were assessed. Gh-transgenic zebrafish had better growth performance and higher feed intake compared to non-transgenic sibling controls. Chronic excess of GH upregulates the expression of its cognate receptor (ghrb) and the main growth factor related to trophic effects in the intestine (igf1a). Moreover, transgenic zebrafish showed an increased intestinal absorptive area and higher expression of crucial genes related to the absorption of products from meal protein degradation. These results reinforce the ability of GH to modulate intestinal morphology and the mechanisms of assimilation of nutrients to sustain the energy demand for the continuous growth induced by the excess of circulating GH.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.723853/fullgh-transgenic fishDanio reriopeptide transporterfeed intakeintestinal morphology |
| spellingShingle | Marcela G. Meirelles Bruna F. Nornberg Tony L. R. da Silveira Mateus T. Kütter Caroline G. Castro Juan Rafael B. Ramirez Virgínia Pedrosa Luis Alberto Romano Luis Fernando Marins Growth Hormone Overexpression Induces Hyperphagia and Intestinal Morphophysiological Adaptations to Improve Nutrient Uptake in Zebrafish Frontiers in Physiology gh-transgenic fish Danio rerio peptide transporter feed intake intestinal morphology |
| title | Growth Hormone Overexpression Induces Hyperphagia and Intestinal Morphophysiological Adaptations to Improve Nutrient Uptake in Zebrafish |
| title_full | Growth Hormone Overexpression Induces Hyperphagia and Intestinal Morphophysiological Adaptations to Improve Nutrient Uptake in Zebrafish |
| title_fullStr | Growth Hormone Overexpression Induces Hyperphagia and Intestinal Morphophysiological Adaptations to Improve Nutrient Uptake in Zebrafish |
| title_full_unstemmed | Growth Hormone Overexpression Induces Hyperphagia and Intestinal Morphophysiological Adaptations to Improve Nutrient Uptake in Zebrafish |
| title_short | Growth Hormone Overexpression Induces Hyperphagia and Intestinal Morphophysiological Adaptations to Improve Nutrient Uptake in Zebrafish |
| title_sort | growth hormone overexpression induces hyperphagia and intestinal morphophysiological adaptations to improve nutrient uptake in zebrafish |
| topic | gh-transgenic fish Danio rerio peptide transporter feed intake intestinal morphology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.723853/full |
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