Force measurements in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materials
We present results from two experiments that provide the first quantification of inter-particle force networks in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materials. Force vectors between all grains were determined using a mathematical optimization technique that seeks to satisfy grain equilibrium and strain meas...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
EDP Sciences
2017-01-01
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| Series: | EPJ Web of Conferences |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201714002006 |
| _version_ | 1829497816148344832 |
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| author | Hurley Ryan C. Hall Stephen A. Andrade José E. Wright Jonathan |
| author_facet | Hurley Ryan C. Hall Stephen A. Andrade José E. Wright Jonathan |
| author_sort | Hurley Ryan C. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present results from two experiments that provide the first quantification of inter-particle force networks in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materials. Force vectors between all grains were determined using a mathematical optimization technique that seeks to satisfy grain equilibrium and strain measurements. Quantities needed in the optimization – the spatial location of the inter-particle contact network and tensor grain strains – were found using 3D X-ray diffraction and X-ray computed tomography. The statistics of the force networks are consistent with those found in past simulations and 2D experiments. In particular, we observe an exponential decay of normal forces above the mean and a partition of forces into strong and weak networks. In the first experiment, involving 77 single-crystal quartz grains, we also report on the temporal correlation of the force network across two sequential load cycles. In the second experiment, involving 1099 single-crystal ruby grains, we characterize force network statistics at low levels of compression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:00:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-897de4dece284767ab157e7078fac379 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2100-014X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:00:19Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | EDP Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | EPJ Web of Conferences |
| spelling | doaj.art-897de4dece284767ab157e7078fac3792022-12-21T22:38:37ZengEDP SciencesEPJ Web of Conferences2100-014X2017-01-011400200610.1051/epjconf/201714002006epjconf162094Force measurements in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materialsHurley Ryan C.0Hall Stephen A.1Andrade José E.2Wright Jonathan3Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryDivision of Solid Mechanics, Lund UniversityCalifornia Institute of TechnologyEuropean Synchrotron Radiation FacilityWe present results from two experiments that provide the first quantification of inter-particle force networks in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materials. Force vectors between all grains were determined using a mathematical optimization technique that seeks to satisfy grain equilibrium and strain measurements. Quantities needed in the optimization – the spatial location of the inter-particle contact network and tensor grain strains – were found using 3D X-ray diffraction and X-ray computed tomography. The statistics of the force networks are consistent with those found in past simulations and 2D experiments. In particular, we observe an exponential decay of normal forces above the mean and a partition of forces into strong and weak networks. In the first experiment, involving 77 single-crystal quartz grains, we also report on the temporal correlation of the force network across two sequential load cycles. In the second experiment, involving 1099 single-crystal ruby grains, we characterize force network statistics at low levels of compression.https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201714002006 |
| spellingShingle | Hurley Ryan C. Hall Stephen A. Andrade José E. Wright Jonathan Force measurements in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materials EPJ Web of Conferences |
| title | Force measurements in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materials |
| title_full | Force measurements in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materials |
| title_fullStr | Force measurements in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Force measurements in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materials |
| title_short | Force measurements in stiff, 3D, opaque granular materials |
| title_sort | force measurements in stiff 3d opaque granular materials |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201714002006 |
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