Evaluation of wound healing effect of Solanum nigrum L. leaf extract-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles embedded in chitosan hydrogel, In vivo study
Objective(s): Wound healing is one of the most fundamental issues in medical science. Solanum nigrum L. has been attracted great attention for its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of leaf extract of S. nigrum L-loaded sodiu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Nanomedicine Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://nmj.mums.ac.ir/article_19372_0fe3fb13ee2564db48cbce2d871ec690.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819095130299170816 |
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| author | Fatemeh Najafpour Sepideh Arabzadeh Fatemeh Kalalinia Neda Mostajeran Seyed Mohsen Laal Mousavi Reavan Yazdian-Robati Ezzat Hashemi Maryam Hashemi |
| author_facet | Fatemeh Najafpour Sepideh Arabzadeh Fatemeh Kalalinia Neda Mostajeran Seyed Mohsen Laal Mousavi Reavan Yazdian-Robati Ezzat Hashemi Maryam Hashemi |
| author_sort | Fatemeh Najafpour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective(s): Wound healing is one of the most fundamental issues in medical science. Solanum nigrum L. has been attracted great attention for its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of leaf extract of S. nigrum L-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in chitosan hydrogel on wound healing.Materials and Methods: Ethanolic extract of S. nigrum L. leaves (5% v/v) were loaded into sodium alginate NPs using the ionic gelation technique and characterized (Ext-AG NPs). Then, NPs were incorporated into chitosan hydrogel (Ext-AG-CS hydrogel) and the properties of this formulation such as viscosity and release profile were evaluated. The antimicrobial activity of the extract alone and loaded into the hydrogel (Ext-CS hydrogel) was measured on the Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilius by MIC assay. Finally, their wound healing effects were studied on full-thickness wound in rat animal model in 3, 7 and 14 days. Results: The particle size of Ext-AG NPs was obtained 437±15 nm. The encapsulation efficiency of extract was about 91.6%. The in vitro release profile from NPs showed that the maximum released extract was 30% during 6 days. However, by embedding of NPs into hydrogel, the release of extract was about 12% after 6 days. The results showed that the extract could be release from hydrogel about 30% in the first 4h followed by about 70% release on the fifth day. Therefore, this formulation was used in subsequent studies. Ext-CS hydrogel 5% exhibited lower MICs on all tested microorganisms in compared with aqueous extract alone. Finally, the results of in vivo wound healing analysis revealed that on day 3, the extract solution and Ext-CS hydrogel were more effective in reducing inflammation than chitosan gel and positive control. The process of epithelial tissue formation on day 14, in all treated groups, seemed to be better than negative control, which shows the positive effect of these compounds on faster epithelial tissue formation.Conclusion: In general, it seems that S. nigrum L. leaf extract 5% and Ext-CS hydrogel 5% were more effective in wound healing process than other treated groups. However, the chitosan hydrogel-extract formulation showed better antimicrobial activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:38:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8980b714f4f24d67865f1d5f7ceb73ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2322-3049 2322-5904 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:38:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Mashhad University of Medical Sciences |
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| series | Nanomedicine Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-8980b714f4f24d67865f1d5f7ceb73ae2022-12-21T18:46:17ZengMashhad University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Journal2322-30492322-59042022-01-0191344210.22038/nmj.2021.62218.164419372Evaluation of wound healing effect of Solanum nigrum L. leaf extract-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles embedded in chitosan hydrogel, In vivo studyFatemeh Najafpour0Sepideh Arabzadeh1Fatemeh Kalalinia2Neda Mostajeran3Seyed Mohsen Laal Mousavi4Reavan Yazdian-Robati5Ezzat Hashemi6Maryam Hashemi7School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranBiotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranBiotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranNanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranDepartment of Health Information Technology, Faculty of Paramedical Science, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranMolecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USDepartments of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranObjective(s): Wound healing is one of the most fundamental issues in medical science. Solanum nigrum L. has been attracted great attention for its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of leaf extract of S. nigrum L-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in chitosan hydrogel on wound healing.Materials and Methods: Ethanolic extract of S. nigrum L. leaves (5% v/v) were loaded into sodium alginate NPs using the ionic gelation technique and characterized (Ext-AG NPs). Then, NPs were incorporated into chitosan hydrogel (Ext-AG-CS hydrogel) and the properties of this formulation such as viscosity and release profile were evaluated. The antimicrobial activity of the extract alone and loaded into the hydrogel (Ext-CS hydrogel) was measured on the Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilius by MIC assay. Finally, their wound healing effects were studied on full-thickness wound in rat animal model in 3, 7 and 14 days. Results: The particle size of Ext-AG NPs was obtained 437±15 nm. The encapsulation efficiency of extract was about 91.6%. The in vitro release profile from NPs showed that the maximum released extract was 30% during 6 days. However, by embedding of NPs into hydrogel, the release of extract was about 12% after 6 days. The results showed that the extract could be release from hydrogel about 30% in the first 4h followed by about 70% release on the fifth day. Therefore, this formulation was used in subsequent studies. Ext-CS hydrogel 5% exhibited lower MICs on all tested microorganisms in compared with aqueous extract alone. Finally, the results of in vivo wound healing analysis revealed that on day 3, the extract solution and Ext-CS hydrogel were more effective in reducing inflammation than chitosan gel and positive control. The process of epithelial tissue formation on day 14, in all treated groups, seemed to be better than negative control, which shows the positive effect of these compounds on faster epithelial tissue formation.Conclusion: In general, it seems that S. nigrum L. leaf extract 5% and Ext-CS hydrogel 5% were more effective in wound healing process than other treated groups. However, the chitosan hydrogel-extract formulation showed better antimicrobial activity.https://nmj.mums.ac.ir/article_19372_0fe3fb13ee2564db48cbce2d871ec690.pdfchemical synthesischaracterizationchloroquine diphosphateencapsulationgold nanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Fatemeh Najafpour Sepideh Arabzadeh Fatemeh Kalalinia Neda Mostajeran Seyed Mohsen Laal Mousavi Reavan Yazdian-Robati Ezzat Hashemi Maryam Hashemi Evaluation of wound healing effect of Solanum nigrum L. leaf extract-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles embedded in chitosan hydrogel, In vivo study Nanomedicine Journal chemical synthesis characterization chloroquine diphosphate encapsulation gold nanoparticles |
| title | Evaluation of wound healing effect of Solanum nigrum L. leaf extract-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles embedded in chitosan hydrogel, In vivo study |
| title_full | Evaluation of wound healing effect of Solanum nigrum L. leaf extract-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles embedded in chitosan hydrogel, In vivo study |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of wound healing effect of Solanum nigrum L. leaf extract-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles embedded in chitosan hydrogel, In vivo study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of wound healing effect of Solanum nigrum L. leaf extract-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles embedded in chitosan hydrogel, In vivo study |
| title_short | Evaluation of wound healing effect of Solanum nigrum L. leaf extract-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles embedded in chitosan hydrogel, In vivo study |
| title_sort | evaluation of wound healing effect of solanum nigrum l leaf extract loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles embedded in chitosan hydrogel in vivo study |
| topic | chemical synthesis characterization chloroquine diphosphate encapsulation gold nanoparticles |
| url | https://nmj.mums.ac.ir/article_19372_0fe3fb13ee2564db48cbce2d871ec690.pdf |
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