The Emergence and Pathogenesis of Recombinant Viruses Associated with NADC34-like Strains and the Predominant Circulating Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Southern China
Since its recent appearance in China, the NADC30-like strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 (PRRSV-2) have caused an expanding epidemic, and this has further expanded the genetic diversity of PRRSV. In this study, three NADC30-like strains—GXFCG20210401, GXQZ20210403 and G...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Viruses |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/8/1695 |
| _version_ | 1797441362755321856 |
|---|---|
| author | Xindong Wang Kang Zhang Qingrong Mo Guochang Chen Jing Lv Jing Huang Yanli Pang Hao Wang Wenbo Liu Kai Huang Xiangling Min Tongwei Ren Kang Ouyang Ying Chen Weijian Huang Zuzhang Wei |
| author_facet | Xindong Wang Kang Zhang Qingrong Mo Guochang Chen Jing Lv Jing Huang Yanli Pang Hao Wang Wenbo Liu Kai Huang Xiangling Min Tongwei Ren Kang Ouyang Ying Chen Weijian Huang Zuzhang Wei |
| author_sort | Xindong Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since its recent appearance in China, the NADC30-like strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 (PRRSV-2) have caused an expanding epidemic, and this has further expanded the genetic diversity of PRRSV. In this study, three NADC30-like strains—GXFCG20210401, GXQZ20210403 and GXNN20210506—were isolated from pig serum samples obtained in Guangxi, and their genomes were sequenced. A comparative analysis of the whole genomes showed that the three strains were most similar to NADC30 (88.3–88.7%). In particular, the non-structural protein coding regions (nsp1, nsp4-5, nsp7-8 and nsp9) showed the highest similarities to JXA1, and the ORF2a-ORF5 regions showed the highest similarities to NADC34. The three strains had same discontinuous deletions of 111+1+19 amino acids in the nsp2 region, which were similar to the NADC30-like strains. Phylogenetic tree analysis based on the ORF5 gene showed that the three PRRSV isolates were divided into lineage 1.5 along with the representative NADC34-like strains, but they were classified as NADC30-like strains with respect to the whole genome and nsp2 evolutionary trees. Recombinant analysis revealed complex recombination patterns in the genomes of the three strains, which likely originated from multiple recombination events among JXA1-like, NADC30-like and NADC34-like strains. The results from animal experiments showed that the GXQZ20210403 strain was 20% lethal to piglets and caused more severe clinical reactions than GXFCG20210401, and both recombinant strains were similar in terms of pathogenicity to the previously reported NADC34 strains. This study demonstrates that NADC34-like strains of PRRSV have been circulating in the southern provinces of China and have exchanged genomes with several other indigenous strains. In addition, differences in recombination patterns may cause different clinical pathogenicity and indicate the importance of the surveillance and preventive control of recombinant strains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:22:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-898a11daa6bc4185964d214f6dd72617 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:22:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-898a11daa6bc4185964d214f6dd726172023-11-30T22:38:54ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-07-01148169510.3390/v14081695The Emergence and Pathogenesis of Recombinant Viruses Associated with NADC34-like Strains and the Predominant Circulating Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Southern ChinaXindong Wang0Kang Zhang1Qingrong Mo2Guochang Chen3Jing Lv4Jing Huang5Yanli Pang6Hao Wang7Wenbo Liu8Kai Huang9Xiangling Min10Tongwei Ren11Kang Ouyang12Ying Chen13Weijian Huang14Zuzhang Wei15College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, ChinaSince its recent appearance in China, the NADC30-like strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 (PRRSV-2) have caused an expanding epidemic, and this has further expanded the genetic diversity of PRRSV. In this study, three NADC30-like strains—GXFCG20210401, GXQZ20210403 and GXNN20210506—were isolated from pig serum samples obtained in Guangxi, and their genomes were sequenced. A comparative analysis of the whole genomes showed that the three strains were most similar to NADC30 (88.3–88.7%). In particular, the non-structural protein coding regions (nsp1, nsp4-5, nsp7-8 and nsp9) showed the highest similarities to JXA1, and the ORF2a-ORF5 regions showed the highest similarities to NADC34. The three strains had same discontinuous deletions of 111+1+19 amino acids in the nsp2 region, which were similar to the NADC30-like strains. Phylogenetic tree analysis based on the ORF5 gene showed that the three PRRSV isolates were divided into lineage 1.5 along with the representative NADC34-like strains, but they were classified as NADC30-like strains with respect to the whole genome and nsp2 evolutionary trees. Recombinant analysis revealed complex recombination patterns in the genomes of the three strains, which likely originated from multiple recombination events among JXA1-like, NADC30-like and NADC34-like strains. The results from animal experiments showed that the GXQZ20210403 strain was 20% lethal to piglets and caused more severe clinical reactions than GXFCG20210401, and both recombinant strains were similar in terms of pathogenicity to the previously reported NADC34 strains. This study demonstrates that NADC34-like strains of PRRSV have been circulating in the southern provinces of China and have exchanged genomes with several other indigenous strains. In addition, differences in recombination patterns may cause different clinical pathogenicity and indicate the importance of the surveillance and preventive control of recombinant strains.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/8/1695porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virusNADC34-likegenetic evolutionrecombinationpathogenicity |
| spellingShingle | Xindong Wang Kang Zhang Qingrong Mo Guochang Chen Jing Lv Jing Huang Yanli Pang Hao Wang Wenbo Liu Kai Huang Xiangling Min Tongwei Ren Kang Ouyang Ying Chen Weijian Huang Zuzhang Wei The Emergence and Pathogenesis of Recombinant Viruses Associated with NADC34-like Strains and the Predominant Circulating Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Southern China Viruses porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus NADC34-like genetic evolution recombination pathogenicity |
| title | The Emergence and Pathogenesis of Recombinant Viruses Associated with NADC34-like Strains and the Predominant Circulating Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Southern China |
| title_full | The Emergence and Pathogenesis of Recombinant Viruses Associated with NADC34-like Strains and the Predominant Circulating Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Southern China |
| title_fullStr | The Emergence and Pathogenesis of Recombinant Viruses Associated with NADC34-like Strains and the Predominant Circulating Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Southern China |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Emergence and Pathogenesis of Recombinant Viruses Associated with NADC34-like Strains and the Predominant Circulating Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Southern China |
| title_short | The Emergence and Pathogenesis of Recombinant Viruses Associated with NADC34-like Strains and the Predominant Circulating Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Southern China |
| title_sort | emergence and pathogenesis of recombinant viruses associated with nadc34 like strains and the predominant circulating strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in southern china |
| topic | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus NADC34-like genetic evolution recombination pathogenicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/8/1695 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xindongwang theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT kangzhang theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT qingrongmo theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT guochangchen theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT jinglv theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT jinghuang theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT yanlipang theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT haowang theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT wenboliu theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT kaihuang theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT xianglingmin theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT tongweiren theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT kangouyang theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT yingchen theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT weijianhuang theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT zuzhangwei theemergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT xindongwang emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT kangzhang emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT qingrongmo emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT guochangchen emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT jinglv emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT jinghuang emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT yanlipang emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT haowang emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT wenboliu emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT kaihuang emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT xianglingmin emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT tongweiren emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT kangouyang emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT yingchen emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT weijianhuang emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina AT zuzhangwei emergenceandpathogenesisofrecombinantvirusesassociatedwithnadc34likestrainsandthepredominantcirculatingstrainsofporcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirusinsouthernchina |