Effects of applying peanut shell and its biochar on the microbial activity and community structure of dryland red soil
Due to its soil formation process, dryland red soil has certain characteristics that are unfavorable for crop growth, including acidity, fineness, plate structures, and erosivity. The use of large amounts of fertilizer can decrease fertility and biodiversity and increase acidification, thereby serio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022038920 |
| _version_ | 1828000858644676608 |
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| author | Jihai Zhou Wanyue Hong Jinping Feng Lanping Song Xiaoping Li Shangqi Xu Shoubiao Zhou |
| author_facet | Jihai Zhou Wanyue Hong Jinping Feng Lanping Song Xiaoping Li Shangqi Xu Shoubiao Zhou |
| author_sort | Jihai Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to its soil formation process, dryland red soil has certain characteristics that are unfavorable for crop growth, including acidity, fineness, plate structures, and erosivity. The use of large amounts of fertilizer can decrease fertility and biodiversity and increase acidification, thereby seriously restricting the sustainable utilization of dryland red soil resources. Therefore, there is an urgent need for techniques that improve the crop quality and yield in dryland red soil areas. Returning crop waste to fields as fertilizer is a promising approach to sustainable agriculture. In the present study, the effects of applying peanut shell and an associated biochar product to dryland red soil were investigated, with a focus on soil microbial activity and community structure. Field experiments were conducted in Jiangxi Province, southern China, in 2020, in field plots of sweet potato crops. Seven treatments were set up according to the principle of equal carbon return to farmland: Control: (conventional fertilization); S1, S2, S3 (peanut shell application of 3000, 4500 and 6000 kg hm-2, respectively); and BC1, BC2, BC3 (peanut shell biochar application of 1000, 1500 and 2000 kg hm-2, respectively). The application of peanut shell and its biochar improved soil basal respiration, with the greatest increase relative to controls of 161.06% found in treatment S3 at the root harvest stage. The most obvious increase in microbial biomass carbon content due to biochar application was 206.50% in treatment BC2 at the root harvest stage. The application of peanut shell and its biochar increased the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) contents of total soil microorganisms and different microbial groups. The maximum increases in the PLFA contents of total soil microorganisms, gram-positive bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria occurred at the early root formation stage in treatment BC2, which were 112.16%, 102.52%, and 115.64%, respectively. Both peanut shell and biochar increased the PLFA contents of soil actinomycetes, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and other fungi to certain extents. The soil actinomycetes PLFAs increased by 120.08% at the early root formation stage in BC2, while the AMF PLFAs increased by 79.44% at the seedling stage in S2. This study provides theoretical and practical guidance for the comprehensive utilization of peanut shell and the implementation of circular agriculture in dryland red soil regions. It also provides a scientific basis for improving the fertility of dryland red soil. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:21:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8997b44d58974e2c9d297b1556004321 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:21:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-8997b44d58974e2c9d297b15560043212023-03-02T04:59:45ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-02-0192e12604Effects of applying peanut shell and its biochar on the microbial activity and community structure of dryland red soilJihai Zhou0Wanyue Hong1Jinping Feng2Lanping Song3Xiaoping Li4Shangqi Xu5Shoubiao Zhou6Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Southern Modern Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Corresponding author. Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China.Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Southern Modern Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, ChinaDue to its soil formation process, dryland red soil has certain characteristics that are unfavorable for crop growth, including acidity, fineness, plate structures, and erosivity. The use of large amounts of fertilizer can decrease fertility and biodiversity and increase acidification, thereby seriously restricting the sustainable utilization of dryland red soil resources. Therefore, there is an urgent need for techniques that improve the crop quality and yield in dryland red soil areas. Returning crop waste to fields as fertilizer is a promising approach to sustainable agriculture. In the present study, the effects of applying peanut shell and an associated biochar product to dryland red soil were investigated, with a focus on soil microbial activity and community structure. Field experiments were conducted in Jiangxi Province, southern China, in 2020, in field plots of sweet potato crops. Seven treatments were set up according to the principle of equal carbon return to farmland: Control: (conventional fertilization); S1, S2, S3 (peanut shell application of 3000, 4500 and 6000 kg hm-2, respectively); and BC1, BC2, BC3 (peanut shell biochar application of 1000, 1500 and 2000 kg hm-2, respectively). The application of peanut shell and its biochar improved soil basal respiration, with the greatest increase relative to controls of 161.06% found in treatment S3 at the root harvest stage. The most obvious increase in microbial biomass carbon content due to biochar application was 206.50% in treatment BC2 at the root harvest stage. The application of peanut shell and its biochar increased the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) contents of total soil microorganisms and different microbial groups. The maximum increases in the PLFA contents of total soil microorganisms, gram-positive bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria occurred at the early root formation stage in treatment BC2, which were 112.16%, 102.52%, and 115.64%, respectively. Both peanut shell and biochar increased the PLFA contents of soil actinomycetes, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and other fungi to certain extents. The soil actinomycetes PLFAs increased by 120.08% at the early root formation stage in BC2, while the AMF PLFAs increased by 79.44% at the seedling stage in S2. This study provides theoretical and practical guidance for the comprehensive utilization of peanut shell and the implementation of circular agriculture in dryland red soil regions. It also provides a scientific basis for improving the fertility of dryland red soil.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022038920Soil basal respirationMicrobial biomass carbonPhospholipid fatty acidsBacteriaFungiActinomycetes |
| spellingShingle | Jihai Zhou Wanyue Hong Jinping Feng Lanping Song Xiaoping Li Shangqi Xu Shoubiao Zhou Effects of applying peanut shell and its biochar on the microbial activity and community structure of dryland red soil Heliyon Soil basal respiration Microbial biomass carbon Phospholipid fatty acids Bacteria Fungi Actinomycetes |
| title | Effects of applying peanut shell and its biochar on the microbial activity and community structure of dryland red soil |
| title_full | Effects of applying peanut shell and its biochar on the microbial activity and community structure of dryland red soil |
| title_fullStr | Effects of applying peanut shell and its biochar on the microbial activity and community structure of dryland red soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of applying peanut shell and its biochar on the microbial activity and community structure of dryland red soil |
| title_short | Effects of applying peanut shell and its biochar on the microbial activity and community structure of dryland red soil |
| title_sort | effects of applying peanut shell and its biochar on the microbial activity and community structure of dryland red soil |
| topic | Soil basal respiration Microbial biomass carbon Phospholipid fatty acids Bacteria Fungi Actinomycetes |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022038920 |
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