Microplastic Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) by Natural Coagulation: A Literature Review
Urban industrialization has caused a ubiquity of microplastics in the environment. A large percentage of plastic waste originated from Southeast Asian countries. Microplastics arising from the primary sources of personal care items and industrial uses and the fragmentation of larger plastics have re...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/1/12 |
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| author | Taskeen Reza Zahratul Huda Mohamad Riza Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah Hassimi Abu Hasan Nur ‘Izzati Ismail Ahmad Razi Othman |
| author_facet | Taskeen Reza Zahratul Huda Mohamad Riza Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah Hassimi Abu Hasan Nur ‘Izzati Ismail Ahmad Razi Othman |
| author_sort | Taskeen Reza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Urban industrialization has caused a ubiquity of microplastics in the environment. A large percentage of plastic waste originated from Southeast Asian countries. Microplastics arising from the primary sources of personal care items and industrial uses and the fragmentation of larger plastics have recently garnered attention due to their ubiquity. Due to the rising level of plastic waste in the environment, the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of plastics threaten aquatic and human life. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are one of the major sources of these plastic fragments. WWTPs in Southeast Asia contribute largely to microplastic pollution in the marine environment, and thus, further technological improvements are required to ensure the complete and efficient removal of microplastics. Coagulation is a significant process in removing microplastics, and natural coagulants are far superior to their chemical equivalents due to their non-toxicity and cost-effectiveness. A focused literature search was conducted on journal repository platforms, mainly ScienceDirect and Elsevier, and on scientific databases such as Google Scholar using the keywords Wastewater Treatment Plant, Coagulation, Microplastics, Marine Environment and Southeast Asia. The contents and results of numerous papers and research articles were reviewed, and the relevant papers were selected. The relevant findings and research data are summarized in this paper. The paper reviews (1) natural coagulants for microplastic removal and their effectiveness in removing microplastics and (2) the potential use of natural coagulants in Southeast Asian wastewater treatment plants as the abundance of natural materials readily available in the region makes it a feasible option for microplastic removal. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:34:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89a2d5d97c114114bd88464e84307cdf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:34:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-89a2d5d97c114114bd88464e84307cdf2024-01-26T18:40:52ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042023-12-011211210.3390/toxics12010012Microplastic Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) by Natural Coagulation: A Literature ReviewTaskeen Reza0Zahratul Huda Mohamad Riza1Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah2Hassimi Abu Hasan3Nur ‘Izzati Ismail4Ahmad Razi Othman5Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaUrban industrialization has caused a ubiquity of microplastics in the environment. A large percentage of plastic waste originated from Southeast Asian countries. Microplastics arising from the primary sources of personal care items and industrial uses and the fragmentation of larger plastics have recently garnered attention due to their ubiquity. Due to the rising level of plastic waste in the environment, the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of plastics threaten aquatic and human life. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are one of the major sources of these plastic fragments. WWTPs in Southeast Asia contribute largely to microplastic pollution in the marine environment, and thus, further technological improvements are required to ensure the complete and efficient removal of microplastics. Coagulation is a significant process in removing microplastics, and natural coagulants are far superior to their chemical equivalents due to their non-toxicity and cost-effectiveness. A focused literature search was conducted on journal repository platforms, mainly ScienceDirect and Elsevier, and on scientific databases such as Google Scholar using the keywords Wastewater Treatment Plant, Coagulation, Microplastics, Marine Environment and Southeast Asia. The contents and results of numerous papers and research articles were reviewed, and the relevant papers were selected. The relevant findings and research data are summarized in this paper. The paper reviews (1) natural coagulants for microplastic removal and their effectiveness in removing microplastics and (2) the potential use of natural coagulants in Southeast Asian wastewater treatment plants as the abundance of natural materials readily available in the region makes it a feasible option for microplastic removal.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/1/12wastewater treatment plantcoagulationmicroplasticsmarine environmentSoutheast Asia |
| spellingShingle | Taskeen Reza Zahratul Huda Mohamad Riza Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah Hassimi Abu Hasan Nur ‘Izzati Ismail Ahmad Razi Othman Microplastic Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) by Natural Coagulation: A Literature Review Toxics wastewater treatment plant coagulation microplastics marine environment Southeast Asia |
| title | Microplastic Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) by Natural Coagulation: A Literature Review |
| title_full | Microplastic Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) by Natural Coagulation: A Literature Review |
| title_fullStr | Microplastic Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) by Natural Coagulation: A Literature Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microplastic Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) by Natural Coagulation: A Literature Review |
| title_short | Microplastic Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) by Natural Coagulation: A Literature Review |
| title_sort | microplastic removal in wastewater treatment plants wwtps by natural coagulation a literature review |
| topic | wastewater treatment plant coagulation microplastics marine environment Southeast Asia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/1/12 |
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