The effect of subcutaneous and intracutaneous injections of sterile water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women: A randomized controlled trial
Background: Normal vaginal delivery is considered a painful process and it is difficult to tolerate the pain. The goal of this study was to compare the effect of injection of sterile distilled water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women. Materials and Methods: This triple-blind cl...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2019-01-01
|
| Series: | Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijnmrjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-9066;year=2019;volume=24;issue=5;spage=365;epage=371;aulast=Rezaie |
| _version_ | 1828489111527227392 |
|---|---|
| author | Mehri Rezaie Sanaz Shaabani Farzin Sabouri Jahromi Maryam Efafat Jahromi Sheida Dakhesh |
| author_facet | Mehri Rezaie Sanaz Shaabani Farzin Sabouri Jahromi Maryam Efafat Jahromi Sheida Dakhesh |
| author_sort | Mehri Rezaie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Normal vaginal delivery is considered a painful process and it is difficult to tolerate the pain. The goal of this study was to compare the effect of injection of sterile distilled water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women. Materials and Methods: This triple-blind clinical trial was conducted on 164 nulliparous women randomly selected from among those who were hospitalized in Motahari Hospital of Jahrom, Iran, from 1 May 2012 to 1 October 2013. Women with a gestational age of 37–42 weeks, dilatation of 4–6 cm, and delivery 180 min after the intervention were selected. The subjects were randomly allocated to four groups of intracutaneous and subcutaneous sterile water and normal saline injections. Pain severity was measured 5 min before the injection and every 30 min up to 3 h after the injection using a visual analog scale. The data were analyzed using Chi-square, Scheffe, and Spearman's correlation tests in SPSS software. Results: There was no significant difference among the four studied groups concerning gestational age and other demographic characteristics. Chi-square test showed lower pain intensity 120 min after the injection in group 4 (subcutaneous injection of normal saline) (F3= 14.75, p < 0.001) and 150 min after the injection in group 3 (intracutaneous injection of normal saline) (F3= 14.75, p < 0.001). Chi-square test showed that the duration of the second stage of labor was shorter in group 4 participants (subcutaneous injection of normal saline) (F3= −'12.23, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The study showed that subcutaneous and intracutaneous injection of normal saline reduced the intensity of pain during childbirth. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:20:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89a326ea869246c19888596498369b8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-9066 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:20:30Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-89a326ea869246c19888596498369b8b2022-12-22T01:11:28ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-90662019-01-0124536537110.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_87_18The effect of subcutaneous and intracutaneous injections of sterile water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women: A randomized controlled trialMehri RezaieSanaz ShaabaniFarzin Sabouri JahromiMaryam Efafat JahromiSheida DakheshBackground: Normal vaginal delivery is considered a painful process and it is difficult to tolerate the pain. The goal of this study was to compare the effect of injection of sterile distilled water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women. Materials and Methods: This triple-blind clinical trial was conducted on 164 nulliparous women randomly selected from among those who were hospitalized in Motahari Hospital of Jahrom, Iran, from 1 May 2012 to 1 October 2013. Women with a gestational age of 37–42 weeks, dilatation of 4–6 cm, and delivery 180 min after the intervention were selected. The subjects were randomly allocated to four groups of intracutaneous and subcutaneous sterile water and normal saline injections. Pain severity was measured 5 min before the injection and every 30 min up to 3 h after the injection using a visual analog scale. The data were analyzed using Chi-square, Scheffe, and Spearman's correlation tests in SPSS software. Results: There was no significant difference among the four studied groups concerning gestational age and other demographic characteristics. Chi-square test showed lower pain intensity 120 min after the injection in group 4 (subcutaneous injection of normal saline) (F3= 14.75, p < 0.001) and 150 min after the injection in group 3 (intracutaneous injection of normal saline) (F3= 14.75, p < 0.001). Chi-square test showed that the duration of the second stage of labor was shorter in group 4 participants (subcutaneous injection of normal saline) (F3= −'12.23, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The study showed that subcutaneous and intracutaneous injection of normal saline reduced the intensity of pain during childbirth.http://www.ijnmrjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-9066;year=2019;volume=24;issue=5;spage=365;epage=371;aulast=RezaieLabor durationlabor painpain reliefsterile water injections |
| spellingShingle | Mehri Rezaie Sanaz Shaabani Farzin Sabouri Jahromi Maryam Efafat Jahromi Sheida Dakhesh The effect of subcutaneous and intracutaneous injections of sterile water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women: A randomized controlled trial Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research Labor duration labor pain pain relief sterile water injections |
| title | The effect of subcutaneous and intracutaneous injections of sterile water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women: A randomized controlled trial |
| title_full | The effect of subcutaneous and intracutaneous injections of sterile water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women: A randomized controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | The effect of subcutaneous and intracutaneous injections of sterile water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women: A randomized controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of subcutaneous and intracutaneous injections of sterile water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women: A randomized controlled trial |
| title_short | The effect of subcutaneous and intracutaneous injections of sterile water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women: A randomized controlled trial |
| title_sort | effect of subcutaneous and intracutaneous injections of sterile water and normal saline on pain intensity in nulliparous women a randomized controlled trial |
| topic | Labor duration labor pain pain relief sterile water injections |
| url | http://www.ijnmrjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-9066;year=2019;volume=24;issue=5;spage=365;epage=371;aulast=Rezaie |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mehrirezaie theeffectofsubcutaneousandintracutaneousinjectionsofsterilewaterandnormalsalineonpainintensityinnulliparouswomenarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT sanazshaabani theeffectofsubcutaneousandintracutaneousinjectionsofsterilewaterandnormalsalineonpainintensityinnulliparouswomenarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT farzinsabourijahromi theeffectofsubcutaneousandintracutaneousinjectionsofsterilewaterandnormalsalineonpainintensityinnulliparouswomenarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT maryamefafatjahromi theeffectofsubcutaneousandintracutaneousinjectionsofsterilewaterandnormalsalineonpainintensityinnulliparouswomenarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT sheidadakhesh theeffectofsubcutaneousandintracutaneousinjectionsofsterilewaterandnormalsalineonpainintensityinnulliparouswomenarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT mehrirezaie effectofsubcutaneousandintracutaneousinjectionsofsterilewaterandnormalsalineonpainintensityinnulliparouswomenarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT sanazshaabani effectofsubcutaneousandintracutaneousinjectionsofsterilewaterandnormalsalineonpainintensityinnulliparouswomenarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT farzinsabourijahromi effectofsubcutaneousandintracutaneousinjectionsofsterilewaterandnormalsalineonpainintensityinnulliparouswomenarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT maryamefafatjahromi effectofsubcutaneousandintracutaneousinjectionsofsterilewaterandnormalsalineonpainintensityinnulliparouswomenarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT sheidadakhesh effectofsubcutaneousandintracutaneousinjectionsofsterilewaterandnormalsalineonpainintensityinnulliparouswomenarandomizedcontrolledtrial |