Regional analysis of planting date and cultivar maturity recommendations that improve soybean oil yield and meal protein concentration
Planting date and cultivar maturity group (MG) are major management factors affecting soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield, but their effect on seed oil and protein concentration, and in particular meal protein concentration, is less understood. We quantified changes in seed oil and protein, and e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.954111/full |
| _version_ | 1828343005787979776 |
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| author | Montserrat Salmerón Fred M. Bourland Normie W. Buehring Larry Earnest Felix B. Fritschi Edward E. Gbur Bobby R. Golden Daniel Hathcoat Josh Lofton Angela Thompson McClure Travis D. Miller Clark Neely Grover Shannon Theophilus K. Udeigwe David A. Verbree Earl D. Vories William J. Wiebold Larry C. Purcell |
| author_facet | Montserrat Salmerón Fred M. Bourland Normie W. Buehring Larry Earnest Felix B. Fritschi Edward E. Gbur Bobby R. Golden Daniel Hathcoat Josh Lofton Angela Thompson McClure Travis D. Miller Clark Neely Grover Shannon Theophilus K. Udeigwe David A. Verbree Earl D. Vories William J. Wiebold Larry C. Purcell |
| author_sort | Montserrat Salmerón |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Planting date and cultivar maturity group (MG) are major management factors affecting soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield, but their effect on seed oil and protein concentration, and in particular meal protein concentration, is less understood. We quantified changes in seed oil and protein, and estimated meal protein concentration, and total oil and protein yield in response to planting date and cultivar MG ranging from 3 to 6 and across locations comprising a 8.3° range in latitude in the U.S. Midsouth. Our results show that delayed planting date and later cultivar maturity reduced oil concentration, and this was partially associated with a decrease in temperature during the seed fill phase. Thus, optimum cultivar MG recommendations to maximize total oil yield (in kg ha–1) for planting dates in May and June required relatively earlier cultivar MGs than those recommended to maximize seed yield. For planting dates in April, short-season MG 3 cultivars did not increase oil yield compared to full-season MG 4 or 5 cultivars due to a quadratic yield response to planting date at most locations. Planting date and cultivar maturity effects on seed protein concentration were not always consistent with the effects on estimated meal protein concentration after oil extraction. Meal protein concentration decreased with lower temperatures during seed fill, and when the start of seed fill occurred after August 15, but relatively short-season cultivar MGs reduced the risk of low meal protein concentration. Meal protein concentration is a trait of interest for the feed industry that would be beneficial to report in future studies evaluating genetic, management, and environmental effects on seed protein concentration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:36:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89bf6ed3ba9e43c8b2084f3cafe6f850 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:36:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-89bf6ed3ba9e43c8b2084f3cafe6f8502022-12-22T02:24:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-10-011310.3389/fpls.2022.954111954111Regional analysis of planting date and cultivar maturity recommendations that improve soybean oil yield and meal protein concentrationMontserrat Salmerón0Fred M. Bourland1Normie W. Buehring2Larry Earnest3Felix B. Fritschi4Edward E. Gbur5Bobby R. Golden6Daniel Hathcoat7Josh Lofton8Angela Thompson McClure9Travis D. Miller10Clark Neely11Grover Shannon12Theophilus K. Udeigwe13David A. Verbree14Earl D. Vories15William J. Wiebold16Larry C. Purcell17Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United StatesNortheast Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas, Keiser, AR, United StatesNorth Mississippi Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Verona, MS, United StatesSoutheast Branch Experiment Station, University of Arkansas, Watson, AR, United StatesDivision of Plant Science & Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United StatesAgricultural Statistics Laboratory, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United StatesDelta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, United StatesTexas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, TX, United StatesDepartment of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States0Department of Plant Science, West TN AgResearch Center, University of Tennessee, Jackson, TN, United StatesTexas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, TX, United StatesTexas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, TX, United States1Department of Plant Sciences, Fisher Delta Research Center, University of Missouri, Portageville, MO, United States2Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States0Department of Plant Science, West TN AgResearch Center, University of Tennessee, Jackson, TN, United States3Fisher Delta Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Portageville, MO, United StatesAgricultural Statistics Laboratory, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States4Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United StatesPlanting date and cultivar maturity group (MG) are major management factors affecting soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield, but their effect on seed oil and protein concentration, and in particular meal protein concentration, is less understood. We quantified changes in seed oil and protein, and estimated meal protein concentration, and total oil and protein yield in response to planting date and cultivar MG ranging from 3 to 6 and across locations comprising a 8.3° range in latitude in the U.S. Midsouth. Our results show that delayed planting date and later cultivar maturity reduced oil concentration, and this was partially associated with a decrease in temperature during the seed fill phase. Thus, optimum cultivar MG recommendations to maximize total oil yield (in kg ha–1) for planting dates in May and June required relatively earlier cultivar MGs than those recommended to maximize seed yield. For planting dates in April, short-season MG 3 cultivars did not increase oil yield compared to full-season MG 4 or 5 cultivars due to a quadratic yield response to planting date at most locations. Planting date and cultivar maturity effects on seed protein concentration were not always consistent with the effects on estimated meal protein concentration after oil extraction. Meal protein concentration decreased with lower temperatures during seed fill, and when the start of seed fill occurred after August 15, but relatively short-season cultivar MGs reduced the risk of low meal protein concentration. Meal protein concentration is a trait of interest for the feed industry that would be beneficial to report in future studies evaluating genetic, management, and environmental effects on seed protein concentration.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.954111/fullsoybean mealplanting datecultivar maturity groupseed qualityU.S. Midsouth |
| spellingShingle | Montserrat Salmerón Fred M. Bourland Normie W. Buehring Larry Earnest Felix B. Fritschi Edward E. Gbur Bobby R. Golden Daniel Hathcoat Josh Lofton Angela Thompson McClure Travis D. Miller Clark Neely Grover Shannon Theophilus K. Udeigwe David A. Verbree Earl D. Vories William J. Wiebold Larry C. Purcell Regional analysis of planting date and cultivar maturity recommendations that improve soybean oil yield and meal protein concentration Frontiers in Plant Science soybean meal planting date cultivar maturity group seed quality U.S. Midsouth |
| title | Regional analysis of planting date and cultivar maturity recommendations that improve soybean oil yield and meal protein concentration |
| title_full | Regional analysis of planting date and cultivar maturity recommendations that improve soybean oil yield and meal protein concentration |
| title_fullStr | Regional analysis of planting date and cultivar maturity recommendations that improve soybean oil yield and meal protein concentration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regional analysis of planting date and cultivar maturity recommendations that improve soybean oil yield and meal protein concentration |
| title_short | Regional analysis of planting date and cultivar maturity recommendations that improve soybean oil yield and meal protein concentration |
| title_sort | regional analysis of planting date and cultivar maturity recommendations that improve soybean oil yield and meal protein concentration |
| topic | soybean meal planting date cultivar maturity group seed quality U.S. Midsouth |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.954111/full |
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