Pregnancy and lactation, a challenge for the skeleton
In this review we discuss skeletal adaptations to the demanding situation of pregnancy and lactation. Calcium demands are increased during pregnancy and lactation, and this is effectuated by a complex series of hormonal changes. The chan ges in bone structure at the tissue and whole bone level obser...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Bioscientifica
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Endocrine Connections |
| Online Access: | https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/9/6/EC-20-0055.xml |
| _version_ | 1811328727708073984 |
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| author | E M Winter A Ireland N C Butterfield M Haffner-Luntzer M-N Horcajada A G Veldhuis-Vlug L Oei G Colaianni N Bonnet |
| author_facet | E M Winter A Ireland N C Butterfield M Haffner-Luntzer M-N Horcajada A G Veldhuis-Vlug L Oei G Colaianni N Bonnet |
| author_sort | E M Winter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this review we discuss skeletal adaptations to the demanding situation of pregnancy and lactation. Calcium demands are increased during pregnancy and lactation, and this is effectuated by a complex series of hormonal changes. The chan ges in bone structure at the tissue and whole bone level observed during pregnancy and lactation appear to largely recover over time. The magnitude of the changes observed during lactation may relate to the volume and duration of breastfeeding and return to regular menses. Studies examining long-term consequences of pregnancy and lacta tion suggest that there are small, site-specific benefits to bone density and that bone g eometry may also be affected. Pregnancy- and lactation-induced osteoporosis (PLO) is a rare disease for which the pathophysiological mechanism is as yet incompletely known; here, we discuss and speculate on the possible roles of genetics, oxytocin, sympathe tic tone and bone marrow fat. Finally, we discuss fracture healing during pregnancy and lactation and the effects of estrogen on this process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:31:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89c1133558784ec995ae63a1810c8d48 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-3614 2049-3614 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:31:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Bioscientifica |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Endocrine Connections |
| spelling | doaj.art-89c1133558784ec995ae63a1810c8d482022-12-22T02:41:23ZengBioscientificaEndocrine Connections2049-36142049-36142020-06-0196R143R157https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0055Pregnancy and lactation, a challenge for the skeletonE M Winter0A Ireland1N C Butterfield2M Haffner-Luntzer3M-N Horcajada4A G Veldhuis-Vlug5L Oei6G Colaianni7N Bonnet8Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the NetherlandsMusculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United KingdomMolecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Commonwealth Building, DuCane Road, London, United KingdomInstitute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, GermanyNestlé Research, Department of Musculoskeletal Health, Innovation EPFL Park, Lausanne, SwitzerlandLeiden University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Jan van Goyen Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, ItalyNestlé Research, Department of Musculoskeletal Health, Innovation EPFL Park, Lausanne, SwitzerlandIn this review we discuss skeletal adaptations to the demanding situation of pregnancy and lactation. Calcium demands are increased during pregnancy and lactation, and this is effectuated by a complex series of hormonal changes. The chan ges in bone structure at the tissue and whole bone level observed during pregnancy and lactation appear to largely recover over time. The magnitude of the changes observed during lactation may relate to the volume and duration of breastfeeding and return to regular menses. Studies examining long-term consequences of pregnancy and lacta tion suggest that there are small, site-specific benefits to bone density and that bone g eometry may also be affected. Pregnancy- and lactation-induced osteoporosis (PLO) is a rare disease for which the pathophysiological mechanism is as yet incompletely known; here, we discuss and speculate on the possible roles of genetics, oxytocin, sympathe tic tone and bone marrow fat. Finally, we discuss fracture healing during pregnancy and lactation and the effects of estrogen on this process.https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/9/6/EC-20-0055.xml |
| spellingShingle | E M Winter A Ireland N C Butterfield M Haffner-Luntzer M-N Horcajada A G Veldhuis-Vlug L Oei G Colaianni N Bonnet Pregnancy and lactation, a challenge for the skeleton Endocrine Connections |
| title | Pregnancy and lactation, a challenge for the skeleton |
| title_full | Pregnancy and lactation, a challenge for the skeleton |
| title_fullStr | Pregnancy and lactation, a challenge for the skeleton |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pregnancy and lactation, a challenge for the skeleton |
| title_short | Pregnancy and lactation, a challenge for the skeleton |
| title_sort | pregnancy and lactation a challenge for the skeleton |
| url | https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/9/6/EC-20-0055.xml |
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