Exploring the Use of Solid Biofertilisers to Mitigate the Effects of <i>Phytophthora</i> Oak Root Disease
Oak forests are facing multiple threats due to global change, with the introduction and expansion of invasive pathogens as one of the most detrimental. Here, we evaluated the use of soil biological fertiliser Biohumin<sup>®</sup> to improve the response of <i>Quercus ilex</i>...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/10/1558 |
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| author | Aida López-Sánchez Miquel Capó Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada Marta Peláez Alejandro Solla Juan A. Martín Ramón Perea |
| author_facet | Aida López-Sánchez Miquel Capó Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada Marta Peláez Alejandro Solla Juan A. Martín Ramón Perea |
| author_sort | Aida López-Sánchez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oak forests are facing multiple threats due to global change, with the introduction and expansion of invasive pathogens as one of the most detrimental. Here, we evaluated the use of soil biological fertiliser Biohumin<sup>®</sup> to improve the response of <i>Quercus ilex</i> L. to the soil-borne pathogen <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> Rands by using one-year-old seedlings fertilised at 0, 12.5, and 25% concentrations of Biohumin<sup>®</sup> (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>). Our hypothesis was that plant vigour and response to the pathogen would improve with Biohumin<sup>®</sup>. The effects of soil infestation and fertilisation were tested by assessing plant survival, growth, and physiology. The soil infested with <i>P. cinnamomi</i> negatively affected all the studied traits. We observed that a moderate concentration of Biohumin<sup>®</sup> (12.5%) increased plant survival. However, a high concentration (25%) reduced the survival compared with the control, probably as a result of the stress caused by both biotic (infection) and abiotic (soil toxicity) factors. Biohumin<sup>®</sup> at the highest concentration reduced the plant height-to-stem diameter ratio (H/D) and negatively affected plant biomass and physiological activity. Combined biofertilisation and infection induced synergistic negative effects in the leaf water potential compared with infection and fertilisation applied alone. A higher concentration of Biohumin<sup>®</sup> may favour pathogens more than plants. Further studies should explore the causes of the negative effect of the high concentration of Biohumin<sup>®</sup> observed here and evaluate if lower concentrations may benefit plant survival and physiology against soil pathogens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:12:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89e5bc6a83a84bac9ce6aabe95364338 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:12:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-89e5bc6a83a84bac9ce6aabe953643382023-11-24T00:09:10ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072022-09-011310155810.3390/f13101558Exploring the Use of Solid Biofertilisers to Mitigate the Effects of <i>Phytophthora</i> Oak Root DiseaseAida López-Sánchez0Miquel Capó1Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada2Marta Peláez3Alejandro Solla4Juan A. Martín5Ramón Perea6Departmento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartmento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartmento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartmento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainFaculty of Foresty, Institute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida Virgen del Puerto 2, 10600 Plasencia, SpainDepartmento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartmento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainOak forests are facing multiple threats due to global change, with the introduction and expansion of invasive pathogens as one of the most detrimental. Here, we evaluated the use of soil biological fertiliser Biohumin<sup>®</sup> to improve the response of <i>Quercus ilex</i> L. to the soil-borne pathogen <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> Rands by using one-year-old seedlings fertilised at 0, 12.5, and 25% concentrations of Biohumin<sup>®</sup> (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>). Our hypothesis was that plant vigour and response to the pathogen would improve with Biohumin<sup>®</sup>. The effects of soil infestation and fertilisation were tested by assessing plant survival, growth, and physiology. The soil infested with <i>P. cinnamomi</i> negatively affected all the studied traits. We observed that a moderate concentration of Biohumin<sup>®</sup> (12.5%) increased plant survival. However, a high concentration (25%) reduced the survival compared with the control, probably as a result of the stress caused by both biotic (infection) and abiotic (soil toxicity) factors. Biohumin<sup>®</sup> at the highest concentration reduced the plant height-to-stem diameter ratio (H/D) and negatively affected plant biomass and physiological activity. Combined biofertilisation and infection induced synergistic negative effects in the leaf water potential compared with infection and fertilisation applied alone. A higher concentration of Biohumin<sup>®</sup> may favour pathogens more than plants. Further studies should explore the causes of the negative effect of the high concentration of Biohumin<sup>®</sup> observed here and evaluate if lower concentrations may benefit plant survival and physiology against soil pathogens.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/10/1558anthropogenic disturbancesmineral nutritionecological restorationMediterranean forestsplant pathogensplant physiology |
| spellingShingle | Aida López-Sánchez Miquel Capó Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada Marta Peláez Alejandro Solla Juan A. Martín Ramón Perea Exploring the Use of Solid Biofertilisers to Mitigate the Effects of <i>Phytophthora</i> Oak Root Disease Forests anthropogenic disturbances mineral nutrition ecological restoration Mediterranean forests plant pathogens plant physiology |
| title | Exploring the Use of Solid Biofertilisers to Mitigate the Effects of <i>Phytophthora</i> Oak Root Disease |
| title_full | Exploring the Use of Solid Biofertilisers to Mitigate the Effects of <i>Phytophthora</i> Oak Root Disease |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the Use of Solid Biofertilisers to Mitigate the Effects of <i>Phytophthora</i> Oak Root Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Use of Solid Biofertilisers to Mitigate the Effects of <i>Phytophthora</i> Oak Root Disease |
| title_short | Exploring the Use of Solid Biofertilisers to Mitigate the Effects of <i>Phytophthora</i> Oak Root Disease |
| title_sort | exploring the use of solid biofertilisers to mitigate the effects of i phytophthora i oak root disease |
| topic | anthropogenic disturbances mineral nutrition ecological restoration Mediterranean forests plant pathogens plant physiology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/10/1558 |
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