Engineering the Bridge between Innate and Adaptive Immunity for Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on γδ T and NK Cells
Most studies on genetic engineering technologies for cancer immunotherapy based on allogeneic donors have focused on adaptive immunity. However, the main limitation of such approaches is that they can lead to severe graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). An alternative approach would bolster innate immun...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1757 |
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| author | Fabio Morandi Mahboubeh Yazdanifar Claudia Cocco Alice Bertaina Irma Airoldi |
| author_facet | Fabio Morandi Mahboubeh Yazdanifar Claudia Cocco Alice Bertaina Irma Airoldi |
| author_sort | Fabio Morandi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Most studies on genetic engineering technologies for cancer immunotherapy based on allogeneic donors have focused on adaptive immunity. However, the main limitation of such approaches is that they can lead to severe graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). An alternative approach would bolster innate immunity by relying on the natural tropism of some subsets of the innate immune system, such as γδ T and natural killer (NK) cells, for the tumor microenvironment and their ability to kill in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner. γδ T and NK cells have the unique ability to bridge innate and adaptive immunity while responding to a broad range of tumors. Considering these properties, γδ T and NK cells represent ideal sources for developing allogeneic cell therapies. Recently, significant efforts have been made to exploit the intrinsic anti-tumor capacity of these cells for treating hematologic and solid malignancies using genetic engineering approaches such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) and T cell receptor (TCR). Here, we review over 30 studies on these two approaches that use γδ T and NK cells in adoptive cell therapy (ACT) for treating cancer. Based on those studies, we propose several promising strategies to optimize the clinical translation of these approaches. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:17:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89f4bf6586654d59954d50fe6ab22b3d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:17:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-89f4bf6586654d59954d50fe6ab22b3d2023-11-20T07:36:12ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-07-0198175710.3390/cells9081757Engineering the Bridge between Innate and Adaptive Immunity for Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on γδ T and NK CellsFabio Morandi0Mahboubeh Yazdanifar1Claudia Cocco2Alice Bertaina3Irma Airoldi4Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini, 516147 Genova, ItalyStem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USAStem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini, 516147 Genova, ItalyStem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USAStem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini, 516147 Genova, ItalyMost studies on genetic engineering technologies for cancer immunotherapy based on allogeneic donors have focused on adaptive immunity. However, the main limitation of such approaches is that they can lead to severe graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). An alternative approach would bolster innate immunity by relying on the natural tropism of some subsets of the innate immune system, such as γδ T and natural killer (NK) cells, for the tumor microenvironment and their ability to kill in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner. γδ T and NK cells have the unique ability to bridge innate and adaptive immunity while responding to a broad range of tumors. Considering these properties, γδ T and NK cells represent ideal sources for developing allogeneic cell therapies. Recently, significant efforts have been made to exploit the intrinsic anti-tumor capacity of these cells for treating hematologic and solid malignancies using genetic engineering approaches such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) and T cell receptor (TCR). Here, we review over 30 studies on these two approaches that use γδ T and NK cells in adoptive cell therapy (ACT) for treating cancer. Based on those studies, we propose several promising strategies to optimize the clinical translation of these approaches.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1757gamma delta T cellsNK cellsγδT cellsimmunotherapyadoptive cell therapyGvHD |
| spellingShingle | Fabio Morandi Mahboubeh Yazdanifar Claudia Cocco Alice Bertaina Irma Airoldi Engineering the Bridge between Innate and Adaptive Immunity for Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on γδ T and NK Cells Cells gamma delta T cells NK cells γδT cells immunotherapy adoptive cell therapy GvHD |
| title | Engineering the Bridge between Innate and Adaptive Immunity for Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on γδ T and NK Cells |
| title_full | Engineering the Bridge between Innate and Adaptive Immunity for Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on γδ T and NK Cells |
| title_fullStr | Engineering the Bridge between Innate and Adaptive Immunity for Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on γδ T and NK Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Engineering the Bridge between Innate and Adaptive Immunity for Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on γδ T and NK Cells |
| title_short | Engineering the Bridge between Innate and Adaptive Immunity for Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on γδ T and NK Cells |
| title_sort | engineering the bridge between innate and adaptive immunity for cancer immunotherapy focus on γδ t and nk cells |
| topic | gamma delta T cells NK cells γδT cells immunotherapy adoptive cell therapy GvHD |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1757 |
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