Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice
Levels of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and zinc (Zn) in locally cultivated rice consumed in Ondo and Ekiti States of Nigeria were investigated. The rice samples were obtained from six different rice-producing towns; Akure, Ondo, Ado,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP)
2017-03-01
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| Series: | Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.agrifoodscience.com/index.php/TURJAF/article/view/983 |
| _version_ | 1797907716912447488 |
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| author | Akinsola Francis Awopetu Joseph Adewuyi Adeyemi Oluwatosin Christianah Falope Chris Olukayode Adedire |
| author_facet | Akinsola Francis Awopetu Joseph Adewuyi Adeyemi Oluwatosin Christianah Falope Chris Olukayode Adedire |
| author_sort | Akinsola Francis Awopetu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Levels of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and zinc (Zn) in locally cultivated rice consumed in Ondo and Ekiti States of Nigeria were investigated. The rice samples were obtained from six different rice-producing towns; Akure, Ondo, Ado, Igbemo, Ikole and Erinjiyan. The estimated dietary intake (EDI) of these elements were determined and compared with the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) and dietary reference intake (DRI) values for toxic and essential elements respectively. The measured mean levels of Pb, As, Cr, Cd, Zn, Na, Ca and K were 0.047 ± 0.007, 0.041 ± 0.004, 0.570 ± 0.032, 0.026 ± 0.003, 7.856 ± 0.659, 42.15 ± 0.191, 337.11 ± 0.315, and 2650.09 ± 0.337 µg/g respectively while the average EDI were 00.101 ± 0.042 µg/day, 0.088 ± 0.14µg/day, 1.234 ± 0.045 µg/day, 0.057 ± 0.002 µg/day, 0.017 ± 0.071 mg/day, 0.091 ± 0.013 mg/day, 0.73 ± 0.018 mg/day and 5.742 ± 0.337 mg/day respectively. The EDIs were not significantly higher than the reference values for the elements except Cr. Also the rice samples were not rich enough in sodium, calcium and potassium compared to the dietary reference intakes for these elements. It is recommended that rice diets should be supplemented with other food items such as meat, fruits and vegetables. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T10:42:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89f54c215c8242cab78b2273dea87472 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2148-127X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T10:42:24Z |
| publishDate | 2017-03-01 |
| publisher | Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-89f54c215c8242cab78b2273dea874722023-02-15T16:20:31ZengTurkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP)Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology2148-127X2017-03-015322122510.24925/turjaf.v5i3.221-225.983486Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian RiceAkinsola Francis Awopetu0Joseph Adewuyi Adeyemi1Oluwatosin Christianah Falope2Chris Olukayode Adedire3Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo StateDepartment of Biology, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo StateDepartment of Biology, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo StateDepartment of Biology, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo StateLevels of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and zinc (Zn) in locally cultivated rice consumed in Ondo and Ekiti States of Nigeria were investigated. The rice samples were obtained from six different rice-producing towns; Akure, Ondo, Ado, Igbemo, Ikole and Erinjiyan. The estimated dietary intake (EDI) of these elements were determined and compared with the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) and dietary reference intake (DRI) values for toxic and essential elements respectively. The measured mean levels of Pb, As, Cr, Cd, Zn, Na, Ca and K were 0.047 ± 0.007, 0.041 ± 0.004, 0.570 ± 0.032, 0.026 ± 0.003, 7.856 ± 0.659, 42.15 ± 0.191, 337.11 ± 0.315, and 2650.09 ± 0.337 µg/g respectively while the average EDI were 00.101 ± 0.042 µg/day, 0.088 ± 0.14µg/day, 1.234 ± 0.045 µg/day, 0.057 ± 0.002 µg/day, 0.017 ± 0.071 mg/day, 0.091 ± 0.013 mg/day, 0.73 ± 0.018 mg/day and 5.742 ± 0.337 mg/day respectively. The EDIs were not significantly higher than the reference values for the elements except Cr. Also the rice samples were not rich enough in sodium, calcium and potassium compared to the dietary reference intakes for these elements. It is recommended that rice diets should be supplemented with other food items such as meat, fruits and vegetables.http://www.agrifoodscience.com/index.php/TURJAF/article/view/983Food analysisrice consumptionestimated daily intakeessential elementstoxic elements |
| spellingShingle | Akinsola Francis Awopetu Joseph Adewuyi Adeyemi Oluwatosin Christianah Falope Chris Olukayode Adedire Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology Food analysis rice consumption estimated daily intake essential elements toxic elements |
| title | Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice |
| title_full | Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice |
| title_short | Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice |
| title_sort | chemical safety of unpolished nigerian rice |
| topic | Food analysis rice consumption estimated daily intake essential elements toxic elements |
| url | http://www.agrifoodscience.com/index.php/TURJAF/article/view/983 |
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