Direct Numerical Simulation of a Reacting Turbulent Hydrogen/Ammonia/Nitrogen Jet in an Air Crossflow at 5 Bar
The article aims to analyze the fluid dynamics and combustion characteristics of a non-premixed flame burning a fuel mixture derived from ammonia partial decomposition injected in an air crossflow. Nominal pressure (5 bar) and inlet air temperature (750 K) conditions are typical of micro-gas turbine...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/23/7704 |
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| author | Eugenio Giacomazzi Donato Cecere Matteo Cimini Simone Carpenella |
| author_facet | Eugenio Giacomazzi Donato Cecere Matteo Cimini Simone Carpenella |
| author_sort | Eugenio Giacomazzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The article aims to analyze the fluid dynamics and combustion characteristics of a non-premixed flame burning a fuel mixture derived from ammonia partial decomposition injected in an air crossflow. Nominal pressure (5 bar) and inlet air temperature (750 K) conditions are typical of micro-gas turbines. The effects of strain on the maximum flame temperature and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>NO</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> generation in laminar non-premixed counter-flow flames are initially explored. Then, the whole three-dimensional fluid dynamic problem is investigated by setting up a numerical experiment: it consists of a Direct Numerical Simulation, based on accurate transport, chemical, and numerical models. The flow topology of the specific reacting jet in crossflow configuration is described in terms of its main turbulent structures, like shear layers, ring, and horse-shoe vortices, as well as of its leeward recirculation region anchoring the flame. The reacting region is characterized by providing instantaneous spatial distributions of temperature, heat release, and some transported chemical species, including <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>NO</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and calculating the Flame Index to identify non-premixed and premixed combustion local conditions. The latter is quantified by looking at the distribution of the volume fraction associated with a certain Flame Index versus the Flame Index and at the distribution of the average values of both the Heat Release Rate and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>NO</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> versus the Flame Index and the mixture fraction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:53:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8a106330e8114b40881d1af667fa581d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:53:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-8a106330e8114b40881d1af667fa581d2023-12-08T15:14:26ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-11-011623770410.3390/en16237704Direct Numerical Simulation of a Reacting Turbulent Hydrogen/Ammonia/Nitrogen Jet in an Air Crossflow at 5 BarEugenio Giacomazzi0Donato Cecere1Matteo Cimini2Simone Carpenella3Laboratory of Processes and Systems Engineering for Energy Decarbonisation, ENEA, 00124 Rome, ItalyLaboratory of Processes and Systems Engineering for Energy Decarbonisation, ENEA, 00124 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Civil, Computer Science and Aeronautical Technologies Engineering, Roma Tre University, 00146 Rome, ItalyThe article aims to analyze the fluid dynamics and combustion characteristics of a non-premixed flame burning a fuel mixture derived from ammonia partial decomposition injected in an air crossflow. Nominal pressure (5 bar) and inlet air temperature (750 K) conditions are typical of micro-gas turbines. The effects of strain on the maximum flame temperature and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>NO</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> generation in laminar non-premixed counter-flow flames are initially explored. Then, the whole three-dimensional fluid dynamic problem is investigated by setting up a numerical experiment: it consists of a Direct Numerical Simulation, based on accurate transport, chemical, and numerical models. The flow topology of the specific reacting jet in crossflow configuration is described in terms of its main turbulent structures, like shear layers, ring, and horse-shoe vortices, as well as of its leeward recirculation region anchoring the flame. The reacting region is characterized by providing instantaneous spatial distributions of temperature, heat release, and some transported chemical species, including <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>NO</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and calculating the Flame Index to identify non-premixed and premixed combustion local conditions. The latter is quantified by looking at the distribution of the volume fraction associated with a certain Flame Index versus the Flame Index and at the distribution of the average values of both the Heat Release Rate and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>NO</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> versus the Flame Index and the mixture fraction.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/23/7704hydrogenammoniaDNSjet in crossflowcombustion |
| spellingShingle | Eugenio Giacomazzi Donato Cecere Matteo Cimini Simone Carpenella Direct Numerical Simulation of a Reacting Turbulent Hydrogen/Ammonia/Nitrogen Jet in an Air Crossflow at 5 Bar Energies hydrogen ammonia DNS jet in crossflow combustion |
| title | Direct Numerical Simulation of a Reacting Turbulent Hydrogen/Ammonia/Nitrogen Jet in an Air Crossflow at 5 Bar |
| title_full | Direct Numerical Simulation of a Reacting Turbulent Hydrogen/Ammonia/Nitrogen Jet in an Air Crossflow at 5 Bar |
| title_fullStr | Direct Numerical Simulation of a Reacting Turbulent Hydrogen/Ammonia/Nitrogen Jet in an Air Crossflow at 5 Bar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Direct Numerical Simulation of a Reacting Turbulent Hydrogen/Ammonia/Nitrogen Jet in an Air Crossflow at 5 Bar |
| title_short | Direct Numerical Simulation of a Reacting Turbulent Hydrogen/Ammonia/Nitrogen Jet in an Air Crossflow at 5 Bar |
| title_sort | direct numerical simulation of a reacting turbulent hydrogen ammonia nitrogen jet in an air crossflow at 5 bar |
| topic | hydrogen ammonia DNS jet in crossflow combustion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/23/7704 |
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